Table 3.
Association between psychological symptoms, bodily changes, birth-related symptoms, breastfeeding, severe fatigue and mode of birth at 3 months after birth
|
Unassisted Vaginala |
Ventouse-assisteda |
Forceps-assisteda |
Unplanned Caesareana |
Planned Caesareana |
p |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
n = 3275 |
n = 302 |
n = 359 |
n = 675 |
n = 630 |
|
|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
|
Depressionb |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
3050 (93) |
285 (94) |
328 (91) |
632 (94) |
591 (94) |
0.53 |
| Yes |
225 (7) |
17 (6) |
31 (9) |
43 (6) |
39 (6) |
|
|
Anxiety |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
3123 (95) |
287 (95) |
335 (93) |
636 (94) |
597 (95) |
0.41 |
| Yes |
152 (5) |
15 (5) |
24 (7) |
39 (6) |
33 (5) |
|
|
PTSD symptoms |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
2842 (87) |
254 (84) |
283 (79) |
567 (84) |
557 (88) |
<0.001 |
| 1 |
340 (10) |
43 (14) |
51 (14) |
87 (13) |
56 (9) |
|
| ≥2 |
93 (3) |
5 (2) |
25 (7) |
21 (3) |
17 (3) |
|
|
Bodily changes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
2445 (75) |
188 (62) |
212 (59) |
506 (75) |
499 (79) |
<0.001 |
| Yes |
830 (25) |
114 (38) |
147 (41) |
169 (25) |
131 (21) |
|
|
Birth-related symptoms |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
3238 (99) |
288 (95) |
337 (94) |
645 (96) |
607 (96) |
<0.001 |
| Yes |
37 (1) |
14 (5) |
22 (6) |
30 (4) |
23 (4) |
|
|
Breastfeeding difficulties |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
3147 (96) |
291 (96) |
334 (93) |
643 (95) |
605 (96) |
0.08 |
| Yes |
128 (4) |
11 (4) |
25 (7) |
32 (5) |
25 (4) |
|
|
Severe tiredness/ Fatigue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
2942 (90) |
273 (90) |
316 (88) |
615 (91) |
558 (89) |
0.46 |
| Yes | 333 (10) | 29 (10) | 43 (12) | 60 (9) | 72 (11) |
aNumbers may not sum to total because some data missing.
bWomen who reported “the blues” were added to this group.