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. 2012 Nov 28;12:138. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-12-138

Table 3.

Association between psychological symptoms, bodily changes, birth-related symptoms, breastfeeding, severe fatigue and mode of birth at 3 months after birth

  Unassisted Vaginala
Ventouse-assisteda
Forceps-assisteda
Unplanned Caesareana
Planned Caesareana
p
n = 3275
n = 302
n = 359
n = 675
n = 630
 
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)  
Depressionb
 
 
 
 
 
 
  No
3050 (93)
285 (94)
328 (91)
632 (94)
591 (94)
0.53
  Yes
225 (7)
17 (6)
31 (9)
43 (6)
39 (6)
 
Anxiety
 
 
 
 
 
 
  No
3123 (95)
287 (95)
335 (93)
636 (94)
597 (95)
0.41
  Yes
152 (5)
15 (5)
24 (7)
39 (6)
33 (5)
 
PTSD symptoms
 
 
 
 
 
 
  No
2842 (87)
254 (84)
283 (79)
567 (84)
557 (88)
<0.001
  1
340 (10)
43 (14)
51 (14)
87 (13)
56 (9)
 
  ≥2
93 (3)
5 (2)
25 (7)
21 (3)
17 (3)
 
Bodily changes
 
 
 
 
 
 
  No
2445 (75)
188 (62)
212 (59)
506 (75)
499 (79)
<0.001
  Yes
830 (25)
114 (38)
147 (41)
169 (25)
131 (21)
 
Birth-related symptoms
 
 
 
 
 
 
  No
3238 (99)
288 (95)
337 (94)
645 (96)
607 (96)
<0.001
  Yes
37 (1)
14 (5)
22 (6)
30 (4)
23 (4)
 
Breastfeeding difficulties
 
 
 
 
 
 
  No
3147 (96)
291 (96)
334 (93)
643 (95)
605 (96)
0.08
  Yes
128 (4)
11 (4)
25 (7)
32 (5)
25 (4)
 
Severe tiredness/ Fatigue
 
 
 
 
 
 
  No
2942 (90)
273 (90)
316 (88)
615 (91)
558 (89)
0.46
  Yes 333 (10) 29 (10) 43 (12) 60 (9) 72 (11)  

aNumbers may not sum to total because some data missing.

bWomen who reported “the blues” were added to this group.