Table 2.
Worm expulsion rates, worm burden reductions and corresponding combination index values obtained following treatment of mice harboring adultT. muriswith combinations of standard anthelmintics
| Group | Dose (mg/kg) | Mean number of worms (SD) | Mean number of expelled worms (SD) | Worm expulsion rate (%) | Worm burden reduction (%) | P-value | Combination index at ED50 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control 1 |
– |
93.25 (9.46) |
0.75 (0.96) |
0.8 |
– |
– |
– |
| Control 2 |
– |
123.25 (35.07) |
0.25 (0.50) |
0.2 |
– |
– |
– |
| Control 3 |
– |
91.25 (23.73) |
0 (0) |
0 |
– |
– |
– |
| Control 4 |
– |
78.33 (20.79) |
0 (0) |
0 |
– |
– |
– |
| Control 5 |
– |
85.71 (21.75) |
0 (0) |
0 |
– |
– |
– |
| Control 6 |
– |
82.57 (30.59) |
0 (0) |
0 |
– |
– |
– |
| Control 7 |
– |
94.4 (39.21) |
0 (0) |
0 |
– |
– |
– |
| Control 8 |
– |
56.50 (22.07) |
0 (0) |
0 |
– |
– |
– |
| ABZ-MBZ |
345+793 |
77.50 (63.07) |
60.50 (55.87) |
78.06 |
81.37 |
<0.001a |
0.23 |
| 172.5+39.54 |
73.25 (102.66) |
62.75 (91.34) |
85.67 |
86.60 |
|||
| 86.25+19.757 |
95.0 (5.66) |
63.0 (1.41) |
66.32 |
66.10 |
|||
| 43.125+ 9.8758 |
77.75 (33.54) |
47.75 (22.34) |
61.41 |
46.90 |
|||
| ABZ-LEV |
345+465 |
117.50 (112.86) |
107.0 (112.75) |
91.06 |
87.75 |
0.001a |
0.93 |
| 172.5+237 |
89.25 (42.0) |
46.50 (35.61) |
52.10 |
54.71 |
|||
| ABZ-PYR |
345+3004 |
63.5 (41.30) |
19.75 (11.76) |
31.10 |
44.15 |
0.229b |
– |
| ABZ-IVM |
345+42 |
136.50 (14.98) |
109.50 (15.76) |
80.22 |
78.05 |
0.003a |
0.81 |
| 172.5+27 |
80.50 (17.06) |
41.50 (9.26) |
51.55 |
58.69 |
|||
| MBZ-LEV |
79+461 |
86.0 (53.20) |
82.75 (48.11) |
96.22 |
96.49 |
<0.001a |
0.17 |
| 39.5+232 |
82.0 (17.87) |
74.5 (21.32) |
90.85 |
93.90 |
|||
| 19.75+12.53 |
96.25 (37.25) |
81.25 (39.10) |
84.42 |
83.56 |
|||
| 9.875+6.254 |
61.25 (33.98) |
50.50 (37.36) |
82.45 |
86.28 |
|||
| 4.94+3.1257 |
125.50 (71.01) |
48.75 (37.55) |
38.84 |
18.70 |
|||
| MBZ-PYR |
79+3004 |
41.25 (24.65) |
38.75 (24.92) |
93.94 |
96.81 |
0.049a |
N.D. |
| 39.5+1508 |
161.75 (98.22) |
113.75 (77.82) |
70.32 |
15.04 |
|||
| MBZ-IVM |
79+42 |
92.50 (26.71) |
92.50 (26.71) |
100 |
100 |
<0.001a |
0.16 |
| 39.5+22 |
70.33 (32.04) |
68.0 (32.19) |
96.68 |
98.10 |
|||
| 19.75+13 |
46.25 (18.23) |
36.75 (11.53) |
79.46 |
89.59 |
|||
| 9.875+0.54 |
54.0 (44.74) |
41.50 (36.74) |
76.85 |
84.04 |
|||
| 4.94+0.257 |
101.0 (57.30) |
73.0 (34.70) |
72.28 |
70.34 |
|||
| 2.47+0.1258 |
70.33 (26.86) |
16.67 (22.85) |
23.70 |
5.01 |
|||
| LEV-PYR |
46+3006 |
46.25 (18.84) |
29.50 (19.28) |
63.78 |
79.71 |
0.057a |
N.D. |
| 23+1508 |
87.75 (57.34) |
10.50 (10.88) |
11.97 |
0 |
|||
| LEV-IVM |
46+44 |
66.25 (42.84) |
59.0 (42.78) |
89.06 |
90.74 |
0.009a |
1.38 |
| 23+28 |
60.0 (24.51) |
14.50 (13.80) |
24.17 |
19.47 |
|||
| PYR-IVM |
300+44 |
52.25 (36.04) |
46.75 (32.71) |
89.47 |
92.98 |
0.032a |
N.D. |
| 150+28 | 122.50 (112.38) | 32.75 (17.39) | 26.73 | 0 |
Numbers in superscript refer to the corresponding control group. aP-values were obtained from the Kruskal-Wallis test (several treatment doses vs. controls), bP-values were obtained from the Mann–Whitney U test (one treatment dose vs. controls). The CI at ED50 are based on worm burden reductions. N.D. = not determined. ABZ: albendazole; MBZ: mebendazole; LEV: levamisole; PYR: pyrantel pamoate; IVM: ivermectin.