Table III.
Histopathological alterations detected, after 7 months, in the kidney and urinary bladder of mice, as related to exposure to MCS for 4 months, starting at birth, and treatment with chemopreventive agents, starting after weaning until the end of the experiment
| Tissues histopathological alterations | Sham | MCS | MCS + myo-inositol | MCS + pioglitazone | MCS + bexarotene | MCS + pioglitazone + bexarotene | MCS + SAHA | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (33) | F (28) | M (34) | F (38) | M (31) | F (37) | M (32) | F (35) | M (34) | F (36) | M (31) | F (34) | M (33) | F (35) | |
| Kidney | ||||||||||||||
| Tubular epithelium hyperplasia | 0 | 0 | 2 (5.9%) | 0 | 3 (9.7%) | 3 (8.1%) | 5 (15.6%)a | 8 (22.9%)b,c | 0 | 0 | 0d | 2 (5.9%)d | 3 (9.1%) | 5 (16.7%)a,e |
| Adenomas | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.2%) | 2 (5.4%) | 3 (9.4%) | 5 (14.3%)a,e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.0%) | 3 (11.7%) |
| Renal cell carcinoma | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.9%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mice with kidney lesions | 0 | 0 | 3 (8.8%) | 0 | 3 (9.7%) | 3 (8.1%) | 7 (21.9%)b | 9 (25.7%)b | 0 | 0 | 0f | 2 (5.9%)d | 3 (9.1%) | 6 (17.1%) |
| Urinary bladder | ||||||||||||||
| Papillary epithelium hyperplasia | 2 (6.1%) | 0 | 5 (14.7%) | 0 | 5 (16.1%) | 0 | 6 (18.8%) | 0 | 1 (2.9%) | 0 | 2 (6.5%) | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (3.0%) | 1 (2.9%) |
| Papilloma | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.9%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.9%) |
| Carcinoma in situ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.7%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mice with urinary bladder lesions | 2 (6.1%) | 0 | 5 (14.7%) | 0 | 5 (16.1%) | 0 | 6 (18.8%) | 0 | 2 (5.9%) | 1 (2.7%) | 2 (6.5%) | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (3.0%) | 1 (2.9%) |
| Mice with urinary tract lesions | 2 (6.1%) | 0 | 6 (17.6%) | 0 | 6 (19.4%) | 3 (8.1%) | 12 (37.5%)b | 9 (25.7%)b | 2 (5.9%) | 1 (2.7%) | 2 (6.5%)f | 2 (5.9%)d | 3 (9.1%) | 7 (20.0%)a,d |
a P < 0.05, as compared with sham-exposed mice.
b P < 0.01, as compared with sham-exposed mice.
c P < 0.01, as compared with MCS-exposed mice.
d P < 0.05, as compared with MCS-exposed mice treated with pioglitazone.
e P < 0.05, as compared with MCS-exposed mice.
f P < 0.01, as compared with MCS-exposed mice treated with pioglitazone.