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From Roberton's Textbook of Neonatology. Risk factors for necrotising enterocolitis.
| Prematurity |
| Intrauterine growth restriction |
| Placental abruption |
| Premature rupture of membranes |
| Perinatal asphyxia |
| Low Apgar score |
| Umbilical catheterisation |
| Hypoxia and shock |
| Patent ductus arteriosus |
| Hypertonic feeds |
| Nonhuman milk formula |
| Rapid introduction of enteral feeds |
| Fluid overload |
| Pathogenic bacteria |
| Polycythaemia |
| Thrombocytosis |
| Anaemia |
| Exchange transfusion |
| Cyanotic congenital heart disease |
