Table 2.

Alignment characteristics according to each measurement procedure

Method mean ± SD	95% Confidence interval
Mechanical axis, °† 175.9 ± 11.3	173.73 - 178.19
Anatomic axis, °† 179.1 ± 12.9	176.53 - 181.65
Calliper method, mm† −11.0 ± 81.3	-27.13 – 5.11
Goniometer, °† 178.1 ± 9.4	176.21 – 179.93

^† Lower values represent a more varus knee alignment.