Table 3.

Adolescent-Reported Risk Factors for Onset of Substance Use and Impairment by 9^th Grade

Predictors	Alcohol	Marijuana	Alcohol and Marijuana	Impairment
Age	.04 (.27)	.44 (.33)	.42 (.34)	.15 (.31)
Family History	.12 (.21)	.62 (.27)*	.64 (.28)*	.30 (.25)
Dep-Adol	.02 (.02)	.03 (.03)	.01 (.03)	.01 (.03)
Gender	−.81 (.24)**	−.66 (.27)*	−.53 (.28)	−.90 (.26)**
CU-Adol	.04 (.14)	.14 (.14)	.14 (.15)	−.01 (.14)
CD-Adol	.36 (.10)**	.31 (.09)**	.36 (.10)**	.51 (.10)**
CU×CD	−.15 (.07)*	−.08 (.07)	−.12 (.07)	−.11 (.07)*
Gender×CU	.08 (.17)	−.26 (.19)	−.24 (.20)	.04 (.18)
Gender×CD	−.21 (.12)	−.17 (.12)	−.21 (.12)	−.33 (.12)**
Gender×CU×CD	.15 (.08)*	.12 (.08)	.11 (.08)	.12 (.08)

Notes: Data presented are from Step 3 of the hierarchical regression models conducted with each dependent variable. Unstandardized beta (SE). Onset = Whether or not adolescents reported any use or impairment by 9^th grade (0=no, 1=yes); Family History = Parent-rated history of substance use across 1^st and 2^nd degree relatives (yes/no); Dep-Adol = Adolescent-reported DISC depression symptom count from 6^th grade; Gender (0=Female, 1=Male); CU-Adol = Adolescent-reported APSD Callous-Unemotional scale administered in 6^th grade; CD-Adol = Adolescent-reported DISC Conduct Disorder symptom count from 6^th grade. Age, depression, CU and CD were centered across gender. All interactions were computed using centered variables.

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01