Fig 5.

Efficacy of ethanol against biofilms grown on silicone disks. Various concentrations of EtOH were added to preformed monomicrobial C. albicans (A), monomicrobial S. aureus (B), or polymicrobial (C) biofilms grown on silicone disks for 2 or 4 h. Metabolic activity was assessed using the XTT assay. (D) Disks colonized with mature biofilms were treated with EtOH for 4 h and then processed and stained with Live/Dead reagent. Treatment with 30% EtOH appeared to effectively kill all the microorganisms (red), whereas the EtOH-free controls (green) were not killed. Magnification, ×20. Error bars represent SDs. *, P < 0.05, using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's posttest.