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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Neurosci. 2012 Nov 11;15(12):1667–1674. doi: 10.1038/nn.3256

Figure 4.

Figure 4

NL1 regulates activity-dependent spinogenesis

(a) Schematic of glutamate-induced spinogenesis. Dendrites of EGFP-expressing cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in acute slices from P8~12 mice were visualized with 2PLSM, and glutamate (40 pulses) was released by photolysis of caged glutamate near a low-spine density section of dendrite.

(b) Success rate of de novo spine formation in neurons where NL1 level is reduced or increased. The numbers of attempts are shown in parentheses. *:p<0.05 vs. control.

(c) Representative images of attempted spinogenesis experiments from WT neurons transfected with EGFP, sh-NL1, or hNL1, and from an EGFP-transfected NL1−/− neuron. Yellow circles and blue arrows indicate uncaging positions and, when applicable, nascent spines, respectively.

(d–e) Average dendritic NMDAR uEPSCs (d) and amplitudes (e) recorded at +40 mV in the presence of NBQX from P9-11 neurons of the indicated genotypes. Glutamate was released 0.5 μm from the dendritic shaft.