TABLE 4.
Benign and Dangerous Diagnoses of Dizziness Cases vs Controls, Listed by Diagnostic Frequency for Dizziness Casesa
| Dizziness cases |
Controls without dizziness |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis group | No. | % (95% CI) | No. | % (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
| Benign | |||||
| Vasovagal syncope | 628 | 6.6 (5.9–7.3) | 2122 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) | 8.8 (7.8–9.9) |
| Vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitisb | 498 | 5.6 (5.0–6.2) | … | … | … |
| Migraine | 98 | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 2894 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) |
| Benign paroxysmal positional vertigob | 84 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | … | … | … |
| Orthostatic hypotension | 61 | 0.6 (0.4–0.7) | 66 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 22.4 (14.3–35.1) |
| Depression | 82 | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 3725 | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) |
| Panic disorder | 46 | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 408 | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 3.9 (2.6–5.7) |
| Alcohol intoxication | 51 | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 3220 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) |
| Meniere diseaseb | 32 | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | … | … | … |
| Multiple sclerosis | 10 | 0.1 (NC) | 157 | 0.1 (0.0–0.1) | 1.6 (0.8–3.5)c |
| Dangerousd | |||||
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 539 | 5.6 (5.0–6.2) | 5245 | 1.9 (1.8–1.9) | 3.1 (2.8–3.5) |
| Arrhythmia | 296 | 3.2 (2.7–3.8) | 2550 | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) | 3.5 (3.0–4.2) |
| Transient ischemic attack | 154 | 1.7 (1.4–2.0) | 787 | 0.3 (0.3–0.3) | 5.7 (4.6–7.0) |
| Anemia | 167 | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | 2255 | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 2.0 (1.7–2.5) |
| Hypoglycemia | 110 | 1.4 (1.0–1.7) | 1127 | 0.4 (0.4–0.5) | 3.2 (2.5–4.1) |
| Angina | 87 | 0.9 (0.6–1.1) | 2107 | 0.8 (0.8–0.9) | 1.0 (0.8–1.4) |
| Myocardial infarction | 73 | 0.8 (0.5–1.0) | 2149 | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) |
| Stroke/intracerebral hemorrhage | 39 | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 262 | 0.1 (0.1–0.1) | 5.4 (3.6–7.9) |
| Carbon monoxide poisoning | 16 | 0.2 (NC) | 59 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 7.4 (4.0–13.6)c |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage/intracranial aneurysm/cervicocranial vascular dissection |
3 | 0.1 (NC) | 41 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 4.4 (0.9–22.0)c |
| Alcohol withdrawal | 7 | 0.0 (NC) | 292 | 0.1 (0.1–0.1) | 0.6 (0.3–1.4)c |
| Aortic dissection/ruptured aneurysm | 2 | 0.0 (NC) | 34 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 2.0 (0.4–9.1)c |
CI = confidence interval; NC = not calculated because sample had fewer than 30 observations; OR = odds ratio.
These vestibular diagnoses were included a priori within dizziness cases; thus, no comparison can be made with the control group without dizziness.
These ORs are potentially unstable estimates given the relatively few sampled diagnoses among dizziness cases.
There were no sampled cases among dizziness cases of pulmonary embolism, bacterial meningitis, or adrenal insufficiency. Likewise, there were too few sampled cases among controls without dizziness to calculate stable point estimates. Thus, we did not report these prospectively defined groups.