Table 3.
Associations between independent dental variables and obesity
|
Independent variable |
Adjustment |
BMI |
WHR |
Waist |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| No of teeth (continuous variable) |
Crude |
0.96 (0.95-0.98) |
0.97 (0.96-0.99) |
0.96 (0.95-0.98) |
| |
Age |
0.97 (0,95-0.99) |
0.98 (0.96-0.99) |
0.97 (0.95-0.99) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
0.97 (0.95-1.00) |
0.98 (0.96-1.00) |
0.97 (0.95-0.99) |
| No of teeth (categorized: 0, 1–9, 10–19; reference: ≥20) |
Crude |
1.35 (1.17-1.56) |
1.25 (1.09-1.42) |
1.38 (1.21-1.56) |
| |
Age |
1.29 (1.10-1.52) |
1.18 (1.02-1.36) |
1.27 (1.11-1.46) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
1.22 (1.01-1.48) |
1.19 (1.00-1.42) |
1.25 (1.06-1.47) |
| No of teeth (<20 teeth, reference: ≥20 teeth) |
Crude |
1.95 (1.40-2.73) |
1.67 (1.28-2.19) |
1.94 (1.47-2.55) |
| |
Age |
1.78 (1.23-2.56) |
1.51 (1.13-2.02) |
1.61 (1.20-2.18) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
1.67 (1.10-2.55) |
1.48 (1.05-2.07) |
1.60 (1.13-2.28) |
| No of restored teeth* (continuous variable) |
Crude |
0.96 (0.93-0.98) |
0.98 (0.96-1.00) |
0.97 (0.95-0.99) |
| |
Age |
0.96 (0.94-0.99) |
0.99 (0.96-1.01) |
0.97 (0.95-0.99) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
0.97 (0.94-1.00) |
0.99 (0.96-1.01) |
0.98 (0.95-1.00) |
| Teeth with carious lesions* (yes, reference: no) |
Crude |
1.02 (0.63-1.65) |
1.37 (0.92-2.01) |
1.25 (0.85-1.84) |
| |
Age |
0.98 (0.60-1.59) |
1.32 (0.90-1.95) |
1.19 (0.80-1.75) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
0.78 (0.45-1.36) |
1.34 (0.86-2.11) |
0.81 (0.51-1.28) |
| Latest dental visit (≥1 year, reference: <1 year) |
Crude |
1.76 (1.21-2.56) |
1.23 (0.88-1.71) |
1.58 (1.14-2.19) |
| |
Age |
1.63 (1.12-2.38) |
1.13 (0.81-1.58) |
1.41 (1.02-1.97) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
1.42 (0.91-2.22) |
1.18 (0.79-1.76) |
1.29 (0.87-1.92) |
| Dental visit habits (<once a year, reference: ≥once a year) |
Crude |
1.83 (1.23-2.71) |
1.29 (0.90-1.85) |
1.96 (1.39-2.75) |
| |
Age |
1.64 (1.10-2.46) |
1.16 (0.81-1.67) |
1.70 (1.20-2.41) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
1.28 (0.79-2.09) |
1.20 (0.77-1.86) |
1.51 (0.99-2.31) |
| Xerostomia (≥6 months, reference: <6 months) |
Crude |
1.67 (1.19-2.35) |
1.37 (1.02-1.83) |
1.60 (1.20-2.14) |
| |
Age |
1.55 (1.09-2.19) |
1.26 (0.94-1.70) |
1.43 (1.06-1.92) |
| |
Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity |
1.33 (0.90-1.98) |
1.04 (0.75-1.45) |
1.20 (0.86-1.68) |
| Masticatory function (poor, reference: acceptable) |
Crude |
1.29 (0.87-1.91) |
1.06 (0.76-1.47) |
1.11 (0.79-1.55) |
| |
Age |
1.23 (0.83-1.83) |
1.01 (0.73-1.41) |
1.04 (0.74-1.46) |
| Age, SES, lifestyle, dental anxiety, co-morbidity | 1.16 (0.73-1.83) | 0.85 (0.58-1.25) | 0.94 (0.63-1.40) |
Dependent variables: anthropometric measures BMI ≥30 kg m2 , WHR ≥ 0.80 and waist > 88 cm.
Confounders entered in model as specified: SES (socio-economic status = marital status, social and economic situation), lifestyle (tobacco and alcohol use, physical activity, participation in cultural activities), dental anxiety and co-morbidity (diabetes, hypertension, angina pectoris and/or myocardial infarction).
* edentulous individuals excluded (n = 126).