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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Brain Res. 2012 Oct 30;224(2):255–262. doi: 10.1007/s00221-012-3305-3

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The letter-memory manipulation task. The encoding cue (a green fixation) appeared at the beginning of each WM trial, followed by a sequence of four letters. Subjects encoded the four letters one by one and maintained them in their WM during delay period 1, during a white fixation. In the no manipulation condition a non-letter symbol appeared, and subjects continued maintaining the same letter sequence throughout delay period 2. In the manipulation condition, a new letter item appeared right after delay period 1; subjects then incorporated the new item to recreate a new sequence of the last four letters they saw. After delay period 2, the response cue (blue fixation) appeared followed by a prompt. Subjects indicated the actual sequence, in the correct order, with the right hand.