Table 1.
Gene | RAT | ASAP | Flow | Function(s) and properties | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disturbed vs uniform flow | BAV vs TAV | |||||
P value | Fold change | P value | Fold change | |||
ZFP36L1 | 7.80E−07 | −1.24b | 0.0101 | −1.64 | X*4 | Zinc finger protein, modulation and destabilization VEGF mRNA, wound healing |
ZFP36 | 1.08Ev−05 | −1.37b | 2.22E−05 | −1.25 | X*4 | Modulation and destabilization VEGF mRNA, wound healing |
FLI1 | 6.60E−05 | 1.21 | 3.66E−06 | −1.39 | X | Angiogenesis, maturation and stabilization of vessels, wound healing |
EGR1 | 7.98E−05 | −1.42b | 0.000777 | −1.31 | X | Regulates angiopoietin-1 induced EC migration and proliferation, wound healing |
IER2 | 0.00012 | −1.19b | 0.000429 | −1.17 | X*4 | Mediates EGF-dependent left–right asymmetry patterning in zebrafish |
SLC2A3 | 0.00019 | 1.36 | 6.51E−08 | −1.44 | X*4 | Involved in tumour angiogenesis |
FOSB | 0.00031 | −1.51b | 1.23E−05 | −1.42 | X | Induced by mechanical stress and cardiac ischemia and VEGF, wound healing |
TIMP1 | 0.00045 | 1.19 | 0.00329 | −1.17 | X | Anti-angiogenesis, wound healing |
GRK5 | 0.00053 | 1.19b | 8.30E−05 | 1.17 | X | Regulation of vasoconstriction in VSMC, histone deacetylase (HDAC) kinase in cardiomyocytes |
CCL2 | 0.00093 | −1.47b | 1.32E−06 | −1.80 | X | Involved in neovascularization and angiogenesis, wound healing |
NID1 | 0.00098 | −1.14b | 0.00197 | −1.40 | X | Ingredient of vascular basement membranes, wound healing |
ITGA5 | 0.00115 | −1.19b | 9.00E−04 | −1.74 | X | Fibronectin receptor |
SOCS3 | 0.00119 | −1.26b | 2.84E−07 | −1.35 | X | Negative regulator of cytokines, wound healing |
FOS | 0.00139 | −1.34b | 6.31E−05 | −1.65 | X | Regulation of VEGF, angiogenesis, wound healing |
KLF2 a | 0.00207 | −1.29b | 0.0105 | −1.10 | X | Regulates VEGFA, angiogenesis |
BTG2 | 0.00314 | −1.15b | 1.35E−05 | −1.30 | X | Anti-proliferative transcription factor involved in modulation of VEGF-regulated wound repair |
SGK1 | 0.01066 | 1.10 | 0.000461 | −1.33 | X | Involved in vascular remodelling during angiogenesis, wound healing |
PLEKHO2 | 0.01227 | 1.10 | 6.75E−08 | −1.25 | ? | No functional studies performed according to PubMed |
PTGER4 | 0.01418 | −1.29b | 1.92E−06 | −1.33 | X | Mediates prostaglandin E2 stimulated VEGF expression, angiogenesis, wound healing |
COL6A3 | 0.01504 | 1.10 | 9.00E−05 | −1.24 | X | ECM component, regulated by TGF-β |
FERMT2 | 0.02228 | 1.10b | 0.000179 | 1.17 | ? | Wound healing, regulated by TGF-β1, angiogenesis |
IL1R1 | 0.03103 | 0.0104 | −1.21 | X | Wound healing | |
PKD2 a | 0.04592 | 7.03E−07 | 1.30 | X | Ca2+-permeable channel of cilia, involved in embryonic left right (LR) symmetry, wound healing | |
GEM | 0.13107 | 0.000193 | 1.20 | X | Regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channel | |
DAB2 | 0.13354 | 0.000298 | −1.30 | X*2 | Embryonic angiogenesis via VEGF induction, TGF-β-stimulated fibronectin synthesis in wound healing | |
GPR116 | 0.18922 | 1.99E−08 | −1.86 | X*2 | Component of microvasculature | |
DUSP5 | 0.27924 | 8.17E−05 | −1.16 | X | Strongly induced by VEGF in EC, EC specific in vessels development | |
CEBPB | 0.40525 | 0.000551 | −1.12 | ? | Interacts directly with subunits of NF-kB to augment gene expression by FOS transcription factors | |
KLF4a | 0.44656 | 8.29E−05 | −1.25 | X | Modulates phenotype of VSMCs, angiogenesis, wound healing | |
SH2B3 | 0.48533 | 8.03E−07 | −1.18 | ? | Stabilization of thrombi within vessels, regulates EPC kinetics in vascular regeneration | |
JUNB | 0.49141 | 2.60E−05 | −1.40 | X | Regulates VEGF expression in an NF-kB-dependent manner, angiogenesis, wound healing | |
CDH5 | 0.53465 | 2.52E−05 | −1.23 | X | Ingredient of shear stress sensor complex, angiogenesis, EC specific in vessel development | |
CD93 | 0.68071 | 0.000794 | −1.22 | X*2 | Vascular remodelling and angiogenesis | |
CDKN1A | 0.71809 | 0.002 | −1.16 | X | Involved in regulation of EC senescence and permeability, wound healing | |
PTPRE | 0.79921 | 4.96E−07 | −1.22 | X | Negative regulation of EC proliferation, possible role in angiogenesis | |
CALD1 | 0.93732 | 0.00108 | 1.17 | X*2 | Anti-angiogenesis, cytoskeletal protein, implicated in the migration of EPC | |
ERG | 0.96645 | 0.00718 | 1.14 | X*2 | Angiogenesis, wound healing through regulation of ECM | |
ELTD1 | 0.99016 | 3.03E−05 | −1.52 | X*4 | Specifically expressed in the microvasculature | |
ENG | NA | NA | 0.000117 | −1.42 | X | Vascular TGF-β co-receptor, angiogenesis, wound healing |
PECAM1 | NA | NA | 0.000899 | −1.48 | X | Ingredient of shear stress sensor complex, angiogenesis, wound healing |
CEBPD | NA | NA | 0.000296 | −1.20 | X*4 | Interacts with subunits of NF-kB to augment gene expression by FOS transcription factors |
THBS1 | NA | NA | 0.00201 | −1.37 | X | Anti-angiogenesis, wound healing |
KIAA0247 | NA | NA | 5.25E−05 | −1.17 | ? | Regulator of cell cycle |
IL4R | NA | NA | 1.23E−06 | −1.34 | X | IL-4 receptor, IL-4 has been indicated in both promoting and blocking angiogenesis |
P values for differential expression between disturbed and uniform flow regions in rat aorta and for genes differentially expressed between BAV and TAV are presented
X induced by shear stress according to the literature, X*2 by KLF2 or X*4 by KLF4 overexpression (extracted from literature search), ? not cited in the literature, NA not analysed
aQuery genes
bFold changes for genes moving in the same direction in BAV and the areas of rat aorta exposed to disturbed flow