Table 4.
Common adverse events associated with TKI therapies used in thyroid cancer
| Adverse event | Sorafenib (%) |
Sunitinib (%) |
Pazopanib (%) |
Vandetanib (%) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All grades | ≥Grade 3 | All grades | ≥Grade 3 | All grades | ≥Grade 3 | All grades | ≥Grade 3 | |
| Anorexia | 16 | <1 | 34 | 2 | 22 | 2 | 21 | 4 |
| ALT elevation | NR | NR | 51 | 2.5 | 53 | 12 | 51 | 2 |
| AST elevation | NR | NR | 56 | 2 | 53 | 7.5 | NR | NR |
| Arterial thromboembolism | 2.9 | NR | NR | NR | 3 | 2 | NR | NR |
| CHF or LVEF decline | 1.7 | NR | 13 | 3 | <1% | NR | <1 | NR |
| Diarrhea | 43 | 2 | 61 | 9 | 52 | 3.5 | 57 | 11 |
| Fatigue | 37 | 5 | 54 | 11 | 19 | 2 | 24 | 6 |
| Hand-foot skin reaction | 30 | 6 | 29 | 6 | 6 | NR | NR | NR |
| Hemorrhage/bleeding (all sites) | 15 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 13 | 2 | NR | NR |
| Hypothyroidism | NR | NR | 14 | 2 | 7 | NR | NR | NR |
| Hypertension | 17 | 4 | 30 | 12 | 40 | 4 | 33 | 9 |
| Proteinuria | NR | NR | NR | NR | 9 | <1 | 10 | 0 |
| QT prolongation | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | <2 | 36 | 4.3 |
| Stomatitis | NR | NR | 30 | 1 | 4 | NR | NR | NR |
| Weight loss | 10 | <1 | 12 | <1 | 52 | 3.5 | 10 | 1 |
[Adapted from M. E. Cabanillas et al.: Challenges associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for metastatic thyroid cancer. J Thyroid Res 2011:985780, 2011 (46), with permission. © Hindawi Publishing Corporation.] CHF, Congestive heart failure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NR, not reported.