Table 15.

Plasma blood glucose and A1C goals for type 1 diabetes by age-group

Values by age (years)	Plasma blood glucose goal range (mg/dL)		A1C	Rationale
	Before meals	Bedtime/overnight
Toddlers and preschoolers (0–6)	100–180	110–200	<8.5%	• Vulnerability to hypoglycemia
				• Insulin sensitivity
				• Unpredictability in dietary intake and physical activity
				• A lower goal (<8.0%) is reasonable if it can be achieved without excessive hypoglycemia
School age (6–12)	90–180	100–180	<8%	• Vulnerability of hypoglycemia
				• A lower goal (<7.5%) is reasonable if it can be achieved without excessive hypoglycemia
Adolescents and young adults (13–19)	90–130	90–150	<7.5%	• A lower goal (<7.0%) is reasonable if it can be achieved without excessive hypoglycemia
Key concepts in setting glycemic goals:
• Goals should be individualized and lower goals may be reasonable based on benefit-risk assessment.
• Blood glucose goals should be modified in children with frequent hypoglycemia or hypoglycemia unawareness.
• Postprandial blood glucose values should be measured when there is a discrepancy between preprandial blood glucose values and A1C levels and to help assess glycemia in those on basal/bolus regimens.