FIG. 4.

Inhibitory molecules suppress HIV-1 Nef-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cell cultures. Nef was preincubated with anti-Nef antibody (1:4,000 dilutions), fasudil (20 mM), or H7 (20 mM) for 2 h at 4°C. Then, Jurkat cells were left untreated or were treated with Nef protein, Nef anti-Nef antibody, Nef-fasudil, or Nef-H7 cocktail. After 24 h at 37°C, cells were harvested and then assayed by TUNEL. Ab-1 is the NIH polyclonal antibody, and Ab-2 is the polyclonal antibody from Warner Greene. Fasudil and H7 are protein kinase inhibitors. Data from two experiments performed in triplicate were pooled to generate average values and were used to determine standard errors (error bars). Abbreviations: UT, untransfected; NRS, normal rabbit serum.