Table 2.
Clinical and Metabolic Characteristics of the HIV-Infected Children
| HIV-specific disease characteristics | |
|---|---|
| CDC stage, n (%) | |
| Stage N | 4 (9) |
| Stage A | 10 (22) |
| Stage B | 18 (40) |
| Stage C | 13 (29) |
| CD4 %, median (25th, 75th) | 28 (15–35) |
| Viral load (copies/ml), median (25th, 75th) | 980 (200–11,000) |
| Viral load (copies/ml) <400, n (%) | 19 (42) |
| Antiretroviral therapy exposures | Never exposed | Exposed <60 months | Exposed ≥60 months |
|---|---|---|---|
| NRTI, n (%) | 4 (9) | 9 (20) | 32 (71) |
| NNRTI, n(%) | 21 (47) | 20 (44) | 4 (9) |
| PI, n (%) | 9 (20) | 16 (36) | 20 (44) |
| HAART, n (%) | 8 (18) | 9 (20) | 28 (62) |
| Metabolic characteristics | N | Median | IQR | Percent abnormal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose, fasting (mg/dl) | 37 | 79 | 72–88 | 5.40a |
| Insulin, fasting (MIU/ml) | 26 | 9 | 6–13 | 19.23a |
| Hemoglobin A1C (%) | 27 | 5.2 | 5.1–5.7 | 14.81a |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 38 | 146.5 | 126–167 | 13.15b |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 38 | 87 | 62–113 | 28.95b |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 33 | 43 | 35–46 | 39.39b |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 33 | 77 | 62–108 | 25.80b |
| HOMA-IR | 25 | 1.60 | 1.24–2.83 | 12.00c |
a
As determined by reference laboratory; glucose ≥100 mg/dl, insulin >25 MIU/ml, hemoglobin A1C ≥6.1%, HOMA-IR >4.
b
Reference 78.
c
Reference 79.
IQR, interquartile range; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor.