Table 2.

Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showing partitioning of mtDNA genetic variation within and among regions¹

Source of variation	d.f.	Sum of squares	Variance components	Percentage of variation
A. cingulata	Fst = 1.00000
Among regions	2	10.371	0.47420	34.35*
Among populations within regions	17	18.829	0.90615	65.65*
Within populations	5	0.000	0.00000	0.00*
Total	24	29.200	1.38035
A. zelandica	Fst = 0.53778
Among regions	5	50.856	0.49576	28.74*
Among populations within regions	69	98.313	0.43187	25.04*
Within populations	37	29.500	0.79730	46.22*
Total	111	178.670	1.72492
A. strepitans	Fst = 0.98929
Among regions	3	100.958	4.20935	40.56*
Among populations within regions	11	100.167	6.05782	58.37*
Within populations	9	1.000	0.11111	1.07*
Total	23	202.125	10.37829
N. sericea	Fst = 0.83766
Among regions	2	54.042	2.51745	40.87*
Among populations within regions	32	87.958	2.64237	42.90
Within populations	2	2.000	1.00000	16.23
Total	27

¹ Regions were defined by a six-way, north-to-south partition of the NZ mainland. Asterisks indicate statistically significant tests (p < 0.05).