Table 2.
Mean and SD of primary and secondary outcome measures for continuous ultrasound and placebo ultrasound groups at baseline, after 10 treatment sessions, and after 1 month follow up
| Parameter |
Continuous US* |
Placebo US |
P value*** | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Before treatment |
After 10 sessions |
After 1 month |
Before treatment |
After 10 sessions |
After 1 month |
||
| N=24 | N=24 | N=21 | N=24 | N=24 | N=18 | ||
| FRI** |
40.8 (14.6) |
23.4 (6.9) |
22.8 (7.8) |
43.9 (16.9) |
31.1 (13.4) |
30.5 (11.9) |
.49 |
| VAS** |
46.6 (17.7) |
26.6 (13.8) |
27.7 (14.4) |
49 (16) |
30.7 (13.1) |
25.5 (9.9) |
.62 |
| Flexion ROM (millimeters) |
48.8 (19.4) |
52.4 (18.6) |
52.4 (19.60) |
57.4 (18.9) |
59.8 (17.9) |
57.5 (18.3) |
.13 |
| Extension ROM (millimeters) |
19.4 (8.2) |
20.12 (8.5) |
21.7 (8.5) |
23.6 (9.6) |
24.1 (9.3) |
24.7 (9.6) |
.11 |
| Endurance time(in seconds) |
111.5 (33.5) |
128.9 (30.2) |
128.3 (26.2) |
134.2 (27.1) |
140.3 (43.5) |
139.3 (45.8) |
.01 |
| Median frequency slope of right muscles | |||||||
| Illiocostalis lumborum |
-.24 (.17) |
-.21 (.09) |
-.19 (.07) |
-.21 (.13) |
-.20 (.06) |
-.19 (.06) |
.56 |
| Multifidus |
-.26 (.15) |
-.26 (.16) |
-.24 (.13) |
-.30 (.17) |
-.25 (.05) |
-.24 (.05) |
.82 |
| Gluteus maximus |
-.11 (.13) |
-.09 (.10) |
-.09 (.10) |
-.13 (.13) |
-.09 (.09) |
-.09 (.1) |
.65 |
| Biceps femoris |
-.12 (.09) |
-.12 (.08) |
-.09 (.06) |
-.11 (.07) |
-.12 (.07) |
-.09 (.05) |
.83 |
| Median frequency slope of left muscles | |||||||
| Illiocostalis lumborum |
-.18 (.11) |
-.18 (.11) |
-.16 (.09) |
-.21 (.12) |
-.19 (.07) |
-.18 (.08) |
.29 |
| Multifidus |
-.24 (.14) |
-.25 (.15) |
-.25 (.15) |
-.29 (.21) |
-.24 (.10) |
-.25 (.11) |
.31 |
| Gluteus Maximus | -.06 (.04) | -.06 (.06) | -.08 (.05) | -.09 (.07) | -.08 (.05) | -.09 (.08) | .11 |
*US: Ultrasound.
**FRI: Functional Rating Index, VAS: Visual Analog Scale.
***p values are for baseline differences between the two groups at significance level ≤ .05.