Table 1.

The Ligands Synthesized^a

Compound	No of atoms present in the linker	Estimated linker length (Å)	EC50 (nM)	n
	18	5-10	99±13	244
	36	10-20	82±12	306
	54	15-30	236±24	295
	72	20-40	188±25	303
	90	25-50	428±55	276
	18	5-10	39±8	230
	36	10-20	11±2	236
	54	15-30	15±3	238
	72	20-40	22±3	225
	90	25-50	22±4	257
	20	4-18	16±2	261
	40	8-36	13±1	279
	58	13-46	16±2	277
	76	18-56	11±2	256
	112	28-76	19±13	259
	148	38-96	34±8	272

^aLigands 1–5 represent the control monovalent ligands which are similar in structure to the bivalent ligands 6–10. Ligands 11–16 have the PEGO units incorporated into the linker structure for added flexibility. n indicates the total number of data points used to generate the binding curve and the resulting EC₅₀ value.