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. 2013 Feb 13;371(1984):20110546. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0546

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Quantifying F1-ATPase rotation. (a) Time–angle signal obtained by fitting a Gaussian to EMCCD frames of an illuminated bead attached to the molecule. (b) The autocorrelation of the time–angle signal showing clear evidence for Langevin dynamics since the autocorrelation at several of the low-order time delays is statistically significant (blue horizontal lines are the 95% confidence values assuming the null hypothesis of no autocorrelation). Extracting equilibrium states for this autocorrelated time series requires specialized signal processing techniques (see §4). (Online version in colour.)