Table 2. Gap characteristics and gap dynamics processes in the Kopa forest reserve.
| Year | 1998 | 1998–2009 | 2009 | |||
| Gap dynamics processes | ||||||
| Gap area (m2) | New gap formation | Gap expansion | Gap reduction | Gap closure | ||
| Total | 4483(319) | 2080(148) | 1498(107) | −579(41) | −1154(82) | 6327(450) |
| No. of gaps | 38(2.7) | 22(1.6) | 15(1.1) | 11(0.8) | 12(0.9) | 45(3.2) |
| Gap size ≤200 m2 | 3464(247) | 2080(148) | 1220(86) | −361(26) | −1154(82) | 4093(291) |
| No. of gaps | 34(2.4) | 22(1.5) | 14(1.0) | 8(0.6) | 12(0.85) | 38(2.7) |
| Gap size >200 m2 | 1019(73) | 0(0) | 278(20) | −218(15) | 0(0) | 2235(159) |
| No. of gaps | 4(0.3) | 0(0) | 1(0.1) | 3(0.2) | 0(0) | 7(0.5) |
The numbers in parentheses are relative values calculated per forest reserve area.