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. 2012 Nov 8;2(12):3160–3167. doi: 10.1002/ece3.424

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© 2012 Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.

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Impacts of land cover types (left side) and landscape elements (right side) on estimated gene flow between pairs of breeding populations for a frog (Rana temporaria) and a salamander (Triturus alpestris). The horizontal dashed line is the estimated number of migrants (N_em) between populations that are coincident (or immediately adjacent). The symbols and vertical lines illustrate the change in N_em (±95% CI) caused by the addition of 1-km land cover of the type indicated or the presence of one landscape element of the type indicated. Filled symbols emphasize impacts on gene flow that were significant in permutation tests.