Figure 4.

Schematic representation of the spino-cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit models controlling the peripheral afferent information flow to M1: (A) afferents are modulated at thalamic level (VLp) by the cerebellar efferents; (B) afferent inputs are conveyed through inferior olive to the dentate nuclei to interact with the cerebello-thalamo-cortical system. The gray curved arrow stands for all nonspinal inputs to the inferior olive. (CB ctx, stimulated cerebellar cortex; DN, dentate nuclus; IO, inferior olive; VLp, posterior part of the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus [VIM in Hassler's nomenclature]; VP, ventral posterior thalamic nucleus, pars caudalis).