Table 3.
Frequency with which variables associated with intensity or course of PSDs were identified in the literaturea
| Associated variables | Papers in which a variable was identified n (%) |
|---|---|
|
Patient treatment |
58 (55.8) |
| medication |
32 (30.8) |
| psychosocial treatment |
8 (7.7) |
| psychological therapy: cognitive therapy |
7 (6.7) |
| alternative treatment |
5 (4.8) |
| psychological therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy |
4 (3.8) |
| community-based care |
1 (1.0) |
| day care |
1 (1.0) |
|
Psychopathological symptoms |
27 (26.0) |
| positive symptoms |
16 (15.4) |
| negative symptoms |
14 (13.5) |
| global intensity of symptoms |
10 (9.6) |
| general psychopathology |
3 (2.9) |
|
Demographics |
25 (24.0) |
| employment status |
14 (13.5) |
| gender |
12 (11.5) |
| marital status |
8 (7.7) |
| educational level |
7 (6.7) |
| age |
6 (5.8) |
| accommodation type |
6 (5.8) |
| country of residence |
3 (2.9) |
| urban or rural residence |
3 (2.9) |
| social economic status |
2 (1.9) |
| disability benefits |
1 (1.0) |
| legal status |
1 (1.0) |
|
Disability and functioning |
14 (13.5) |
| global disability or global functioning |
9 (8.7) |
| social functioning |
7 (6.7) |
|
Emotional functions |
13 (12.5) |
| depression |
10 (9.6) |
| feelings of stress |
3 (2.9) |
| anxiety |
2 (1.9) |
| dysphoria |
1 (1.0) |
| flat affect |
1 (1.0) |
| hostility |
1 (1.0) |
|
Cognitive functions |
12 (11.5) |
| in general |
6 (5.8) |
| insight |
3 (2.9) |
| memory |
3 (2.9) |
| attention |
1 (1.0) |
| executive functions |
1 (1.0) |
| intelligence |
1 (1.0) |
| language |
1 (1.0) |
|
Illness-related variables |
10 (9.6) |
| age at first hospitalization |
3 (2.9) |
| duration of illness |
3 (2.9) |
| stage of illness |
3 (2.9) |
| age at first treatment |
2 (1.9) |
| age at illness onset |
2 (1.9) |
| course of illness |
2 (1.9) |
| duration of untreated psychosis |
2 (1.9) |
| subtype of schizophrenia |
2 (1.9) |
| age at discharge from hospital |
1 (1.0) |
|
Quality of life and wellbeing |
9 (8.7) |
| quality of life |
5 (4.8) |
| wellbeing |
5 (4.8) |
|
Social support |
8 (7.7) |
| in general |
6 (5.8) |
| family support |
1 (1.0) |
| friend support |
1 (1.0) |
|
Comorbidities |
7 (6.7) |
| substance abuse |
4 (3.8) |
| physical comorbidity |
3 (2.9) |
|
Side-effects of medication |
7 (6.7) |
|
Treatment adherence |
7 (6.7) |
|
Relationships with others |
6 (5.8) |
| in general |
3 (2.9) |
| family relationships |
2 (1.9) |
| aggressive behaviour |
1 (1.0) |
| relationships with health professionals |
1 (1.0) |
|
Health services use |
5 (4.8) |
| duration of hospitalizations |
3 (2.9) |
| number of hospitalizations |
2 (1.9) |
| duration of treatment |
1 (1.0) |
| number of health professional visits |
1 (1.0) |
|
Psychomotor functions |
5 (4.8) |
|
Self-esteem |
5 (4.8) |
|
Support for caregivers |
5 (4.8) |
| education |
5 (4.8) |
| in general |
1 (1.0) |
| mutual support | 1 (1.0) |
a Only associated variables which were identified in at least 5 papers were taken into account.