Table 2. The response of melan-a cells and macrophages to the DEP field.

Applied Frequency (Hz) in 20 Vpp		<25 k	25 k–50 k	50 k–100 k	100 k–300 k	>300 k
DEP Force	Melan-a	Positive DEP	Positive DEP	Positive DEP	Positive DEP	No Response
		All cells were strongly attracted to the image and then burst.	80% of the cells were attracted to the image. Other cells stayed stationary near the image.	Some cells were attracted to the image and some cells stayed stationary near the image.	70% of the cells moved towards the image and then stayed stationary near the image.	No movement of the cells was observed.
	Macrophage	No Response	No Response	Weak negative DEP	Negative DEP	No Response
		No movement of the cells was observed.	No movement of the cells was observed.	Cells started to repel from the image slowly.	Cells moved away from the image at the speed of 2 µm/s at 150 kHz.	No movement of the cells was observed.