Figure 4. Clinical validation analyses of the differential expression of Cul3 in bladder cancer progression.

(A, B) Representative immunohistochemistry expression patterns of Cul3 in non-invasive (A) and invasive (B) bladder tumors contained in tissue arrays. Strong expression of Cul3 was observed in invasive bladder tumors when compared to non-invasive lesions. Cul3 can also be observed in the extracellular matrix in B. There was a significant difference regarding the expression of Cul3 regarding tumor stage (p = 0.001: Original magnifications: x200). (C) Kaplan-Meier curve survival analysis indicating that increased nuclear Cul3 protein expression assessed by immunohistochemistry in tissue arrays was significantly associated with poor disease-specific survival (p = 0.002).