Figure 2. Lack of vimentin increases production of ROS by murine macrophages.

(A) PM derived from Vim KO (n = 7) or WT mice (n = 6) were stimulated with LPS and IFN-γ. Cell culture supernatants were collected and analyzed for nitric oxide. *P < 0.005. Data shown represent the average of 3 independent experiments. (B) PM derived from Vim KO and WT mice (n = 8) were stimulated with PMA in the presence of luminol. Superoxide production was quantified by measuring light emission at the indicated time points after stimulation. *P < 0.05. Data represent the average of 3 independent experiments. (C). BMM derived from Vim KO and WT mice were incubated with or without increasing concentrations of PMA prior to determining H₂O₂ concentration in the supernatants. Data represent 2 independent experiments performed in triplicate. *P < 0.05 for Vim KO versus WT. (D). BMM derived from Vim KO or WT mice were incubated in the presence or absence of E. coli or LPS for 12 h and then intracellular concentrations of GSH and GSSG were measured via HPLC. Data are representative of three independent experiments. * P < 0.05, comparing Vim KO to WT mice.