Table 3.
Adjusted* ORs (95% CI) for PAD/Borderline PAD at Follow-up (2007–2010) by Individual Baseline RFs (1967–1973)
| ABI Level at Follow-up | ||
|---|---|---|
| Baseline RF | PAD (≤0.90) vs Normal ABI (1.00 to 1.40) | Borderline PAD (0.91 to 0.99) vs Normal ABI (1.00 to 1.40) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never smoker | 0.28 (0.14 to 0.58)‖ | 0.35 (0.18 to 0.66)§ |
| Former smoker | 0.41 (0.20 to 0.83)‡ | 0.53 (0.27 to 1.03) |
| Current smoker (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| BP level/medication use (medications) | ||
| ≤120/80 mm Hg, no medications | 0.91 (0.44 to 1.90) | 1.10 (0.56 to 2.18) |
| >120/80 and ≤140/90, no medications | 1.09 (0.54 to 2.18) | 1.19 (0.58 to 2.48) |
| ≥140/90 or receiving medications (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Cholesterol level/medication use | ||
| <200 mg/dL, no medications | 0.42 (0.17 to 0.99)† | 0.37 (0.17 to 0.83)† |
| ≥200 and <240, no medications | 0.76 (0.31 to 1.86) | 0.49 (0.21 to 1.17) |
| ≥240 or receiving medications (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||
| <25 | 0.36 (0.13 to 1.03) | 2.02 (0.54 to 7.52) |
| ≥25 and <30 | 0.82 (0.32 to 2.11) | 1.33 (0.36 to 4.94) |
| ≥30 (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Diabetes | …† | 7.39 (1.64 to 33.26)§ |
OR indicates odds ratio; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; RF, risk factor; ABI, ankle-brachial index; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index.
*
Adjusted for baseline age, sex, race, and education attainment.
†
The predictive role of baseline diabetes for PAD vs normal ABI level cannot be evaluated because no participants with PAD at follow-up had diabetes at baseline.
‡
P<0.05,
§
P<0.01,
‖
P<0.001: P-value for pair-wise comparison with the reference group.