Table 3.
ABI Level at Follow-up | ||
---|---|---|
Baseline RF | PAD (≤0.90) vs Normal ABI (1.00 to 1.40) | Borderline PAD (0.91 to 0.99) vs Normal ABI (1.00 to 1.40) |
Smoking status | ||
Never smoker | 0.28 (0.14 to 0.58)‖ | 0.35 (0.18 to 0.66)§ |
Former smoker | 0.41 (0.20 to 0.83)‡ | 0.53 (0.27 to 1.03) |
Current smoker (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
BP level/medication use (medications) | ||
≤120/80 mm Hg, no medications | 0.91 (0.44 to 1.90) | 1.10 (0.56 to 2.18) |
>120/80 and ≤140/90, no medications | 1.09 (0.54 to 2.18) | 1.19 (0.58 to 2.48) |
≥140/90 or receiving medications (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Cholesterol level/medication use | ||
<200 mg/dL, no medications | 0.42 (0.17 to 0.99)† | 0.37 (0.17 to 0.83)† |
≥200 and <240, no medications | 0.76 (0.31 to 1.86) | 0.49 (0.21 to 1.17) |
≥240 or receiving medications (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
BMI, kg/m2 | ||
<25 | 0.36 (0.13 to 1.03) | 2.02 (0.54 to 7.52) |
≥25 and <30 | 0.82 (0.32 to 2.11) | 1.33 (0.36 to 4.94) |
≥30 (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Diabetes | …† | 7.39 (1.64 to 33.26)§ |
OR indicates odds ratio; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; RF, risk factor; ABI, ankle-brachial index; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index.
Adjusted for baseline age, sex, race, and education attainment.
The predictive role of baseline diabetes for PAD vs normal ABI level cannot be evaluated because no participants with PAD at follow-up had diabetes at baseline.
P<0.05,
P<0.01,
P<0.001: P-value for pair-wise comparison with the reference group.