Table 2.

Neuronal electrical interfacing CNT technologies.

	References	Electrode/surface description	Bio-testing scheme	Electrical recording	Electrical stimulation
CNT substrates
	Lovat et al., 2005	MWCNTs coated cover slip	In vitro rat hippocampal cultures	Intracellular patch clamp	Not applied
	Gheith et al., 2006	SWCNTs-PAA coated cover slip	In vitro NG108 cell line	Intracellular patch clamp	Intracellular patch clamp
	Liopo et al., 2006	4-tertbutylphenyl or 4-benzoic acid modified SWCNTs coated PET film	In vitro NG108 cell line	Intracellular patch clamp	Extracellular
			In vitro rat peripheral neurons
	Mazzatenta et al., 2007	SWCNTs coated cover slip	In vitro rat hippocampal cultures	Intracellular patch clamp	Extracellular
	Cellot et al., 2009, 2011	MWCNTs coated cover slip	In vitro rat hippocampal cultures	Intracellular patch clamp	Intracellular patch clamp
CNT electrodes
	Keefer et al., 2008	PPy-MWCNTs, Au-MWCNTs coated sharpened wire metal electrode	In vitro mice frontal cortex cultures	Extracellular	Extracellular (in vitro tests)
			In vivo rats motor cortex
			In vivo monkeys visual cortex area
	Baranauskas et al., 2011	PPy-MWCNTs coated sharpened wire metal electrode	In vivo rat cortex	Extracellular	Not applied
CNT MEAs
	Wang et al., 2006	Vertically aligned MWCNT MEA directly grown on a catalyst patterned substrate and coated with PEGPL for hydrophilic surface	In vitro embryonic rat hippocampal neurons	Not applied	Extracellular
	Gabay et al., 2007	MWCNT MEA directly grown on a catalyst patterned substrate	In vitro rat cortical cultures	Extracellular	Not applied
	Yu et al., 2007	VACNF MEA directly grown on a catalyst patterned substrate	In vitro organotypic rat hippocampal slices	Extracellular	Extracellular
	Keefer et al., 2008	ITO MEA (CNNS) coated with MWCNTs-Au	In vitro mice frontal cortex cultures	Extracellular	Extracellular
	de Asis et al., 2009	VACNF MEA directly grown on a catalyst patterned substrate and coated with PPy	In vitro rat hippocampal slices	Extracellular	Extracellular
	Gabriel et al., 2009	Pt MEA coated with SWCNTs (drop coating)	In vitro isolated rabbit retina	Extracellular	Not applied
	Su et al., 2010	Cone-shaped Si MEA coated with MWCNTs (CVD) after oxygen plasma treatment	In vitro crayfish giant neurons	Extracellular	Not applied
	Fuchsberger et al., 2011	TiN MEA coated with MWCNTs (micro-contact printing).	In vitro rat postnatal hippocampal cultures	Extracellular	Not applied
Flexible CNT MEAs
	Lin et al., 2009	Vertically aligned CNT MEA embedded in Parylene-C film	In vitro crayfish nerve cord	Extracellular	Not applied
	Hsu et al., 2010; Chen et al., 2011b	CNT MEA directly grown on a catalyst patterned polyimide after UV-ozone treatment	In vitro crayfish giant neurons	Extracellular	Not applied
			In vitro crayfish caudal photoreceptor
			In vitro EcoG of rat motor cortex
	David-Pur et al., submitted	all CNT MEA on PDMS	In vitro chick retina	Extracellular	Extracellular