Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Factors | QTc > 0.44 s | QTc ≦ 0.44 s | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 951) | (n = 2205) | ||
| Age (years)† | 55.4 ± 11.0 | 54.7 ± 10.7 | 0.070 |
| Sex (male/female) | 457/494 | 1274/931 | <0.000 |
| Height (m)† | 1.64 ± 0.08 | 1.65 ± 0.08 | <0.001 |
| Body weight (kg)† | 70.0 ± 12.5 | 70.1 ± 12.0 | 0.175 |
| BMI (kg/m2)† | 26.1 ± 3.7 | 25.9 ± 3.2 | 0.106 |
| Waist circumference† | 89.6 ± 9.7 | 88.4 ± 9.5 | 0.001 |
| Hip circumference† | 95.3 ± 7.4 | 94.5 ± 6.6 | 0.003 |
| WHR† | 0.94 ± 0.07 | 0.93 ± 0.07 | 0.072 |
| Smoking (%) | 33.4 | 36.4 | 0.109 |
| Duration of diabetes (years)‡ | 4 (1, 8) | 3 (0.5, 7) | 0.001 |
| HbA1c (%)† | 8.1 ± 2.1 | 7.6 ± 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)† | 134.0 ± 20.0 | 130.0 ± 18.8 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)† | 76.8 ± 10.1 | 74.5 ± 9.5 | <0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)† | 8.6 ± 2.9 | 8.6 ± 3.1 | 0.778 |
| Postprandial blood glucose (mmol/L)† | 13.8 ± 5.1 | 12.7 ± 4.7 | <0.001 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (μIU/mL)‡ | 7.61 (4.59, 11.99) | 7.30 (4.05, 10.31) | <0.001 |
| Postprandial plasma insulin (μIU/mL)‡ | 25.16 (14.81, 46.4) | 25.87 (13.73, 45.64) | 0.427 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L)† | 5.14 ± 1.11 | 5.02 ± 1.06 | 0.005 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L)† | 3.10 ± 1.82 | 3.00 ± 0.84 | 0.037 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L)† | 1.27 ± 0.29 | 1.26 ± 0.30 | 0.826 |
| Triglycerides (mg/L)‡ | 1.71 (1.20, 2.3) | 1.54 (1.05, 2.30) | <0.001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 28.3 | 20.4 | <0.001 |
| Retinopathy (%) | 14.1 | 13.1 | 0.436 |
| Neuropathy (%) | 36.7 | 36.7 | 0.984 |
BMI: body weight index, WHR: waist hip ratio, HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin, TC: total cholesterol, LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
†Data are mean ± SD.
‡Data are median (quartile).