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. 2012 Dec;14(12):1097–1101. doi: 10.1593/neo.121534

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Regulatory effects of MDM2 on NF-κB and p53 signaling pathways. MDM2 negatively regulates p53 in at least three different ways, i.e., 1) MDM2 functions as the E3 ubiquitin ligase promoting ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of p53; 2) MDM2 facilitates nuclear export of p53 into the cell cytoplasm, moving p53 away from its site of action; 3) MDM2 directly interacts with the p53 transcription activation domain, thus inhibiting p53 transcriptional activity; and 4) MDM2 activates the NF-κB signaling pathway by enhancing the transcription of NF-κB/p65 but also acts as a non-redundant co-transcription factor for NF-κB target genes.