Table 1.
Patient demographics, injury severity, physiologic derangement with univariate analysis of ALI risk.
| No ALI n=418 | ALI n=184 | OR | 95% CI | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years* | 33 (23–47) | 38 (23–50) | 1.02 | (0.93 –1.12) | 0.68 |
| Male | 323 (77.3%) | 145 (78.8%) | 1.04 | (0.69 –1.57) | 0.86 |
| Race | |||||
| African American | 221 (52.9%) | 86 (46.7%) | 0.78 | (0.55 –1.10) | 0.16 |
| Caucasian | 182 (43.5%) | 92 (50.0%) | 0.77 | (0.54 –1.09) | 0.13 |
| Hispanic | 14 (3.3%) | 4 (2.2%) | 0.64 | (0.21 –1.98) | 0.44 |
| Other | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5)% | 1.18 | (0.71 –1.97) | 0.52 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Alcohol Use | 67 (19.0%) | 24 (16.7%) | 1.18 | (0.71 –1.97) | 0.52 |
| Diabetes | 19 (5.2%) | 14 (8.3%) | 0.61 | (0.29 –1.26) | 0.18 |
| Hypertension | 53 (14.6%) | 24 (15.5%) | 0.94 | (0.56 –1.59) | 0.82 |
| Respiratory Disease | 7 (1.9%) | 7 (4.5)% | 0.42 | (0.15 –1.23) | 0.11 |
| Smoking Status | |||||
| Never smoker | 142 (46.0%) | 71 (56.8%) | Reference | ||
| Current Smoker | 150 (48.5%) | 28 (39.2%) | 0.66 | (0.43 –1.02) | 0.06 |
| Former Smoker | 17 (5.5%) | 5 (4.0%) | 0.58 | (0.21 –1.65) | 0.31 |
| Blunt Mechanism | 275 (66%) | 133 (73%) | 1.37 | (0.93 –2.00) | 0.11 |
| Pulmonary Contusion | 89 (21.4%) | 63 (34.2%) | 1.95 | (1.33 –2.85) | <0.001 |
| Rib Fractures | 135 (32.6%) | 63 (34.2%) | 1.05 | (0.73 –1.52) | 0.78 |
| ISS Category† | |||||
| 16 – 27 | 320 (76.6%) | 119 (64.7%) | 1.20 | (0.95 –1.52) | 0.13 |
| 28 – 75 | 98 (23.4%) | 65 (35.3%) | 1.27 | (1.01 –1.60) | 0.04 |
| APACHE III score | 58 (48–71) | 65 (52–77) | 1.19 | (1.09 –1.29) | <0.001 |
| Modified APACHE III score | 56 (46–67) | 58 (49–72) | 1.13 | (1.04 –1.23) | 0.01 |
Definition of abbreviations: OR = Odds Ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; ISS= Injury Severity Score; APACHE III = Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Estimate, version III; Modified APACHE III score = APACHE III score without blood gas
Categorical data are expressed as number and percentages, continuous data are expressed as Median with Interquartile Range (IQR). OR for age expressed per 10 years; OR for ISS expressed per 5 score points; OR for APACHE III and modified APACHE III score expressed per 10 score points.
Because the association between ISS and ALI was found to vary by range of ISS, subjects were divided into ISS categories 16–27 and 28–75.