Table 5.
Plasma lipids and gut hormones of obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats after consuming diets with different levels of resistant starch for 4 wk1
| |
Resistant starch (RS), % of diet weight |
Main Effects (P-value) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 4% | 8% | 12% | 16% | RS | Phenotype | RS x Phenotype | |
| Triglycerides2, mmol/L |
1.4 ± 0.1 c |
1.1 ± 0.1 bc |
0.8 ± 0.1 ab |
0.9 ± 0.1 ab |
0.7 ± 0.1 a |
0.0001 |
ns |
ns |
| Free fatty acids2, mmol/L |
0.30 ± 0.02 |
0.29 ± 0.02 |
0.32 ± 0.03 |
0.34 ± 0.04 |
0.30 ± 0.03 |
ns |
ns |
ns |
| Total cholesterol2, mmol/L |
1.8 ± 0.1 c |
1.8± 0.1 bc |
1.6 ± 0.1 ab |
1.5 ± 0.1 ab |
1.5 ± 0.1 a |
0.002 |
ns |
ns |
| Leptin3, μg/L |
14.7 ± 4.7 b |
11.7 ± 1.1 ab |
7.3 ± 4.5 a |
8.3 ± 0.9 ab |
5.3 ± 0.8 a |
0.027 |
0.0424 |
ns |
| GLP-13, pg/mL |
29 ± 4 a |
47 ± 4 ab |
70 ± 7 bc |
76 ± 6 bc |
95 ± 23 c |
0.0001 |
ns |
ns |
| PYY3, pg/mL |
71 ± 14 a |
137 ± 11 ab |
230 ± 30 bc |
222 ± 22 bc |
297 ± 54 c |
0.0001 |
ns |
ns |
| GIP3, pg/mL | 372 ± 57 a | 165 ± 29 b | 134 ± 25 b | 176 ± 52 b | 81 ± 18 b | 0.001 | ns | ns |
1 Values are means ± SEM. Labelled means without a common letter differ, P < 0.05. ns = not significant, P > 0.05. GLP-1; glucagon-like peptide −1, PYY; polypeptide Y, GIP; gastric inhibitory peptide.
2n=16 (Obesity-prone; n=8, Obesity-resistant; n=8).
3n=8 (Obesity-prone; n=4, Obesity-resistant; n=4).
4 obesity-prone 11.7 ± 1.7 μg/L, obesity-resistant 7.3 ± 1.1 μg/L.