TABLE 4.
Males | Females | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | |||||||||
β | 95% CI | P | β | 95% CI | p | β | 95% CI | p | β | 95% CI | p | |
Guatemala | ||||||||||||
Birth | 2.31 | (1.48, 3.15) | 0.0001 | 0.90 | (0.08, 1.72) | 0.031 | 1.13 | (0.55, 1.70) | 0.0001 | 0.75 | (0.22, 1.28) | 0.006 |
12m | 1.34 | (0.47, 2.22) | 0.003 | 0.63 | (−0.15, 1.40) | 0.112 | 1.02 | (0.44, 1.59) | 0.001 | 0.33 | (−0.26, .92) | 0.274 |
24m | 1.48 | (0.66, 2.30) | 0.001 | 0.67 | (−0.07, 1.41) | 0.075 | 0.72 | (0.15, 1.28) | 0.013 | 0.26 | (−0.29, 0.82) | 0.343 |
Mid-childhood | 1.19 | (0.31, 2.06) | 0.008 | 0.80 | (0.04, 1.55) | 0.038 | 0.50 | (−0.11, 1.11) | 0.107 | 0.26 | (−0.30, 0.82) | 0.363 |
R2 | 0.34 | 0.54 | 0.28 | 0.47 | ||||||||
India | ||||||||||||
Birth | 1.65 | (1.08, 2.22) | 0.0001 | 1.03 | (0.47, 1.58) | 0.0001 | 1.62 | (1.15, 2.09) | 0.0001 | 1.20 | (0.73, 1.66) | 0.0001 |
12m | 3.21 | (2.64, 3.78) | 0.0001 | 2.12 | (1.52, 2.73) | 0.0001 | 2.18 | (1.70, 2.66) | 0.0001 | 1.43 | (0.92, 1.94) | 0.0001 |
24m | 1.79 | (1.22, 2.37) | 0.0001 | 1.28 | (0.72, 1.84) | 0.0001 | 1.35 | (0.88, 1.82) | 0.0001 | 1.02 | (0.56, 1.48) | 0.0001 |
Mid-childhood | 2.04 | (1.47, 2.61) | 0.0001 | 1.55 | (0.99, 2.10) | 0.0001 | 1.08 | (0.59, 1.56) | 0.0001 | 0.89 | (0.42, 1.36) | 0.0001 |
R2 | 0.31 | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.40 | ||||||||
Philippines | ||||||||||||
Birth | 1.21 | (0.95, 1.47) | 0.0001 | 0.90 | (0.65, 1.16) | 0.0001 | 1.14 | (0.92, 1.37) | 0.0001 | 0.90 | (0.68, 1.13) | 0.0001 |
12m | 2.83 | (2.55, 3.11) | 0.0001 | 2.18 | (1.88, 2.47) | 0.0001 | 1.38 | (1.14, 1.62) | 0.0001 | 1.02 | (0.77, 1.28) | 0.0001 |
24m | 1.25 | (0.98, 1.52) | 0.0001 | 0.95 | (0.68, 1.21) | 0.0001 | 0.61 | (0.37, 0.84) | 0.0001 | 0.36 | (0.13, 0.59) | 0.002 |
Mid-childhoodb | 2.74 | (2.48, 3.01) | 0.0001 | 2.31 | (2.04, 2.57) | 0.0001 | 2.08 | (1.86, 2.31) | 0.0001 | 1.80 | (1.57, 2.03) | 0.0001 |
R2 | 0.52 | 0.57 | 0.44 | 0.51 | ||||||||
South Africa | ||||||||||||
Birth | 2.05 | (1.20, 2.89) | 0.0001 | 1.04 | (0.35, 1.73) | 0.004 | 1.80 | (1.30, 2.30) | 0.0001 | 1.38 | (0.89, 1.88) | 0.0001 |
12m | 2.32 | (1.44, 3.21) | 0.0001 | 1.12 | (0.38, 1.87) | 0.003 | 2.11 | (1.59, 2.62) | 0.0001 | 1.66 | (1.16, 2.17) | 0.0001 |
24m | 0.82 | (−0.02, 1.65) | 0.056 | 0.38 | (−0.28, 1.05) | 0.259 | 1.29 | (0.80, 1.78) | 0.0001 | 1.09 | (0.63, 1.56) | 0.0001 |
Mid-childhoodb | 2.94 | (2.11, 3.77) | 0.0001 | 1.84 | (1.15, 2.53) | 0.0001 | 1.75 | (1.23, 2.27) | 0.0001 | 1.32 | (0.81, 1.84) | 0.0001 |
R2 | 0.39 | 0.63 | 0.57 | 0.64 | ||||||||
Brazil | ||||||||||||
Birth | 2.70 | (1.89, 3.52) | 0.0001 | 2.04 | (1.20, 2.87) | 0.0001 | ||||||
12m | 2.97 | (2.12, 3.83) | 0.0001 | 2.32 | (1.45, 3.19) | 0.0001 | ||||||
24m | 3.17 | (2.32, 4.01) | 0.0001 | 2.57 | (1.71, 3.42) | 0.0001 | ||||||
Mid-childhood | 3.54 | (2.75, 4.34) | 0.0001 | 3.41 | (2.63, 4.19) | 0.0001 | ||||||
R2 | 0.39 | 0.42 |
adjusted for age, height and in females also for parity,
interpolated (see Methods)