Table 4.

Final Model, Main Effects Only. Relationship of Traffic Environment and Demographic/SES Variables to Driving and Crash Involvement (Alcohol Related or Not).

	Comparison # 1		Comparison # 2		Comparison # 3		Comparison # 4		Comparison # 5
	Control BAC≥.05 versus Control BAC=.00		Crash BAC=.00 versus Control BAC=.00		Crash BAC≥.05 versus Control BAC≥.05		Crash BAC≥.05 versus Crash BAC=.00		Crash BAC≥.05 versus Control BAC=.00
	Odds	P>z	Odds	P>z	Odds	P>z	Odds	P>z	Odds	P>z
4 – 7 p.m.	0.729	0.048	1.139	0.017	0.638	0.037	0.408	0.000	0.465	0.000
9 p.m. – midnight	1.731	0.000	0.880	0.042	0.875	0.469	1.720	0.000	1.514	0.001
Midnight – 3 a.m.	4.004	0.000	0.755	0.004	0.571	0.008	3.026	0.000	2.285	0.000
7 p.m. – 9 p.m.
Trip origin:
Bar	2.676	0.000	0.904	0.305	1.428	0.085	4.226	0.000	3.822	0.000
Other's home	1.839	0.000	1.320	0.000	1.279	0.212	1.783	0.000	2.353	0.000
Work	0.612	0.003	1.184	0.002	1.102	0.663	0.570	0.001	0.675	0.013
Other	1.283	0.117	1.391	0.000	1.024	0.913	0.945	0.737	1.314	0.093
Own home
<12 years school	1.220	0.192	1.272	0.000	1.491	0.038	1.430	0.010	1.820	0.000
15+ years school	0.709	0.003	0.919	0.081	1.021	0.894	0.788	0.047	0.724	0.005
12–14 years school
Employed	1.189	0.176	0.805	0.000	0.796	0.167	1.176	0.181	0.947	0.636
African American	0.842	0.209	0.915	0.129	0.776	0.177	0.714	0.022	0.654	0.003
Hispanic	0.863	0.298	0.805	0.001	0.973	0.885	1.044	0.768	0.840	0.204
Other	0.413	0.000	1.205	0.003	1.441	0.161	0.494	0.000	0.595	0.002
White
Age: <21	0.214	0.000	1.614	0.000	1.860	0.113	0.246	0.000	0.397	0.000
Age: 21–24	0.726	0.066	1.263	0.001	1.038	0.873	0.597	0.003	0.753	0.093
Age: 55+	0.759	0.128	1.192	0.010	1.057	0.816	0.673	0.023	0.802	0.191
Age: 25–54
Male	2.210	0.000	0.855	0.000	0.910	0.575	2.353	0.000	2.012	0.000
Female
One or more passengers	1.088	0.420	1.039	0.396	0.474	0.000	0.497	0.000	0.516	0.000
Single	1.183	0.171	1.088	0.100	1.129	0.460	1.227	0.103	1.336	0.016
Separated	1.584	0.002	1.173	0.015	0.901	0.604	1.217	0.213	1.427	0.018
Married
Single-vehicle crash	0.791	0.206	0.825	0.014	1.470	0.091	1.410	0.035	1.163	0.320
Multiple-vehicle crash
Miles driven	.98	0.218	.99	0.472	1.09	0.007	1.11	0.000	.89	0.000
Pseudo R2	0.120		0.021		0.049		0.197		0.136

Comparisons #1 through #5 were obtained by running a single multilogistic model twice, each time applying a different reference group. For comparisons #1, #2, and #4, the reference group was control drivers with a BAC=.00. For comparisons #3 and #5, the reference group included crash drivers with a BAC≥.05. In comparison #1, no crash is involved; therefore, crash severity (“Some Injury” and “PDO”) is that of the matching crashes. Pseudo R² for this single model is=.1641.