Table 2.

Summarized clinical details of patients ultimately given a diagnosis of malaria, whose first TT and RDT results were negative, Melbourne, Australia*

Diagnosis	Exposure	Presentation/clinical notes	Antimicrobial drugs
Plasmodium falciparum	Born in Tanzania and migrated to Australia 11 months before presentation. Travel to Tanzania for 3 months to visit friends and relatives	21-year-old woman. Febrile illness while away treated locally. When arrived home, the patient was sick with vomiting and diarrhea. She was afebrile. Test results in the emergency department were negative for malaria. At a clinic review two weeks later, the patient had a fever for 24 hours before P. falciparum malaria was diagnosed.	Unknown antimicrobial drug received while overseas. No malaria prophylaxis taken.
P. vivax	Recently immigrated from Tanzania and Burundi	Fevers and aches.	No details available.
P. vivax	Australian born. Travel to Indonesia	32-year-old man. Five days of vomiting and lethargy.	Doxycycline for malaria prophylaxis.
P. vivax	Australian born. Travel to Papua New Guinea	48-year-old man. P. vivax malaria treated 5 days earlier. Fevers, lethargy, and cough.	Chloroquine and primaquine for treatment of P. vivax malaria finished two days before presentation.
P. vivax	Australian born. Working in Papua New Guinea for 18 months	30-year-old man. 24 hours of fever and lethargy.	Self-treatment of malaria (malarone) completed one day before presentation.
P. vivax	Australian born. Travel to Vanuatu	18-year-old woman. Three days of fever, sweats, and headache.	Doxycycline for malaria prophylaxis.
P. vivax	Travel to Vietnam and Laos	19-year-old person. Two weeks of recurrent fevers and night sweats. Self limiting febrile illness while in Vietnam.	No details available.
P. vivax	Travel to Papua New Guinea four weeks before presentation	49-year-old person. Febrile illness.	No details available.
P. ovale	Born in Africa and migrated to Australia. Travel to Africa for three months	24-year-old man. Asymptomatic. Screening tests performed because of recent travel.	Doxycycline for malaria prophylaxis.

^*TT = traditional test; RDT = rapid diagnostic test.