Table 3.

Infectious risk associated with low WZS and LBW outcomes, coastal Kenya*

Infection	Low WZS		LBW
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Referent: no infection
Malaria	0.44	0.12–1.63	0.52	0.18–1.49
Filariasis	0.84	0.28–2.52	1.05	0.48–2.31
Schistosomiasis	2.40	0.78–7.32	1.29	0.59–2.82
Trichuriasis	2.36	0.42–13.36	0.95	0.23–3.91
Hookworm	1.19	0.40–3.51	0.87	0.40–1.91
Single or multiple helminths	0.21†	0.05–0.97†	0.57	0.19–1.75
One helminth	1.07	0.47–2.45	0.57†	0.32–0.93†
Helminth co-infection	1.32	0.351–1.58	1.32	0.72–2.54
Coinfection with malaria and helminths	0.45	0.07–2.79	0.77	0.20–2.99

^*WZS = weight-z-score; LBW = low birthweight; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. OR was adjusted for age, primigravid, education, social status, marital status, and residence locale.

^†P < 0.05.