Table 4.
Comparison between factors and occurrence of adverse reactions, drug choice problems, and dosing problems
| Factors | Adverse reactions (n = 25) Frequency (Percentage, %) | Drug choice problem (n = 76) Frequency (Percentage, %) | Dosing problem (n = 55) Frequency (Percentage, %) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Yes |
No |
p-value |
Yes |
No |
p-value |
Yes |
No |
p-value |
|
Elderly | |||||||||
| Yes |
11 (44.0) |
74 (42.3) |
> 0.999a |
28 (36.8) |
87 (70.2) |
< 0.001a* |
34 (61.8) |
81 (70.4) |
0.548a |
| No |
14 (56.0) |
101(57.7) |
48 (63.2) |
37 (29.8) |
21 (38.2) |
64 (29.6) |
|||
|
Polypharmacy | |||||||||
| Yes |
19 (76.0) |
134 (76.6) |
> 0.999a |
60 (78.9) |
93 (75.0) |
0.640a |
38 (69.1) |
115 (79.3) |
0.182a |
| No |
6 (26.0) |
41 (23.4) |
16 (21.1) |
31 (25.0) |
17 (30.9) |
30 (20.7) |
|||
|
Duration of hospital stay | |||||||||
| ≤ 1 week |
17 (68.0) |
126 (72.0) |
0.859a |
45 (59.2) |
98 (79.0) |
0.004a* |
40 (72.7) |
103 (71.0) |
0.951a |
| > 1 week |
8 (32.0) |
49 (28.0) |
31 (40.8) |
26 (21.0) |
15 (27.3) |
42 (29.0) |
|||
|
Microvascular complications | |||||||||
| Yes |
17 (68.0) |
107 (61.1) |
0.660a |
53 (69.7) |
71 (57.3) |
0.106a |
40 (72.7) |
84 (57.9) |
0.078a |
| No |
8 (32.0) |
68 (38.9) |
23 (30.3) |
53 (42.7) |
15 (27.3) |
61 (42.1) |
|||
|
Cardiovascular events | |||||||||
| Yes |
12 (48.0) |
109 (62.3) |
0.193b |
47 (61.8) |
74 (59.7) |
0.877a |
36 (65.5) |
85 (58.6) |
0.471a |
| No |
13 (52.0) |
66 (37.7) |
29 (38.2) |
50 (40.3) |
19 (34.5) |
60 (41.4) |
|||
|
Renal impairment | |||||||||
| Yes |
12 (48.0) |
88 (50.3) |
> 0.999a |
46 (60.5) |
54 (43.5) |
0.029a* |
35 (63.6) |
65 (44.8) |
0.027a* |
| No |
13 (52.0) |
87 (49.7) |
30 (39.5) |
70 (56.5) |
20 (36.4) |
80 (55.2) |
|||
|
Liver impairment | |||||||||
| Yes |
1 (4.0) |
10 (5.7) |
> 0.999b |
6 (7.9) |
5 (4.0) |
0.399a |
5 (9.1) |
6 (4.1) |
0.306a |
| No |
24 (96.0) |
165 (94.3) |
70 (92.1) |
119 (96.0) |
50 (90.9) |
139 (95.9) |
|||
|
Hyperlipidemia | |||||||||
| Yes |
7 (28.0) |
57 (32.6) |
0.819a | 17 (22.4) |
47 (37.9) |
0.033a* | 15 (27.3) |
49 (33.8) |
0.476a |
| No | 18 (72.0) | 118 (67.4) | 59 (77.6) | 77 (62.1) | 40 (72.7) | 96 (66.2) | |||
a Computed using Continuity Correction; b Computed using Fisher’s Exact Test; * Statistically significant (p < 0.05).