Table 3.
Percentage of US population aged 1–18 year and those who report consuming corn masa flour, overall and stratified by folic acid supplement use, exceeding the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for usual total folic acid intake without (current) and with (modeled) folic acid fortification of corn masa flour by age, NHANES 2001–2008a,b
| % ≥age specific ULc of total folic acid/day (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
| Unweighted n | Current usual intake | Modeled usual intake | |
| Age group, year | |||
| Total population | |||
| 1–3 | 2,676 | 20.7 (18.4, 23.0) | 21.3 (13.0, 29.7) |
| 4–8 | 3,137 | 25.0 (14.7, 35.3) | 26.9 (15.1, 38.6) |
| 9–13 | 3,740 | 6.2 (0.9, 11.5) | 6.6 (1.3, 12.0) |
| 14–18 | 4,413 | 1.3 (0.6, 2.0) | 1.5 (0.9, 2.2) |
| Non-supplement users | |||
| 1–3 | 2,135 | 3.2 (1.8, 4.7) | 4.0 (2.7, 5.3) |
| 4–8 | 2,227 | 3.4 (0, 6.9) | 4.9 (0.4, 9.5) |
| 9–13 | 3,075 | 0.2 (0, 0.5) | 0.4 (0, 1.1) |
| 14–18 | 3,860 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.3 (0, 0.6) |
| Supplement users | |||
| 1–3 | 541 | 68.0 (53.6, 82.4) | 69.2 (58.1, 80.4) |
| 4–8 | 910 | 59.6 (37.9, 81.4) | 61.6 (40.0, 83.1) |
| 9–13 | 665 | 27.1 (13.1, 41.1) | 28.7 (15.7, 41.7) |
| 14–18 | 553 | 10.4 (3.9, 16.9) | 11.1 (4.7, 17.5) |
| US population aged 1–18 year who report consuming corn masa flour | |||
| % ≥age specific ULc of total folic acid/day (95% CI) | |||
| Unweighted n | Current usual intake | Modeled usual intake | |
| Age group, year | |||
| Total population | |||
| 1–3 | 843 | 24.7 (7.5, 41.8) | 28.4 (15.4, 41.3) |
| 4–8 | 1,392 | 24.9 (8.1, 41.7) | 29.3 (10.0, 48.6) |
| 9–13 | 1,688 | 2.3 (1.2, 3.5) | 3.3 (1.0, 5.5) |
| 14–18 | 1,839 | 1.0 (0.2, 1.8) | 1.3 (0.3, 2.3) |
| Non-supplement users | |||
| 1–3 | 662 | 4.0 (0, 2.2) | 6.4 (3.4, 9.5) |
| 4–8 | 1,059 | 3.4 (0, 5.2) | 6.5 (0, 13.6) |
| 9–13 | 1,411 | 0.2 (0, 0.4) | 0.3 (0, 0.6) |
| 14–18 | 1,637 | 0.2 (0, 0.4) | 0.3 (0, 0.6) |
| Supplement users | |||
| 1–3 | 181 | 72.9 (54.1, 91.6) | 76.3 (59.1, 93.5) |
| 4–8 | 333 | 66.1 (42.9, 89.2) | 70.7 (44.1, 97.4) |
| 9–13 | 277 | 17.1 (0.2, 34.0) | 21.9 (5.2, 38.6) |
| 14–18 | 202 | 9.1 (0, 21.5) | 11.2 (0, 27.8) |
a
Data are adjusted for intake day of the week and interview method (in person or by telephone).
b
All P-values comparing current and modeled percent over the UL were not statistically significant (t-test, P>0.05).
c
UL defined by Institute of Medicine age groups: 1 to 3 y=300 µg; 4 to 8 y=400 µg; 9 to 13 y=600 µg; 14 to 18 y=800 µg.