Table 2.
Univariate analysis of factors related to survival period after diagnosis of stage T1-T4 hepatocellular carcinoma
| HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Age (< 69/≥ 69 yr) | 0.899 | 0.587-1.376 | 0.6232 |
| Sex (M/F) | 1.218 | 0.760-1.952 | 0.4132 |
| Stage of underlying liver disease (non-cirrhosis, Child-Pugh A/Child-Pugh B, C) | 0.537 | 0.394-0.733 | 0.0001 |
| T stage in the TNM system (T1,T2/T3, T4) | 0.419 | 0.330-0.531 | < 0.0001 |
| Number of HCCs (solitary/multiple) | 0.192 | 0.119-0.309 | < 0.0001 |
| Maximum size of HCCs (< 20/≥ 20 mm) | 0.403 | 0.260-0.623 | < 0.0001 |
| Vascular invasion of HCCs (no/yes) | 0.105 | 0.051-0.216 | < 0.0001 |
| Method of therapy (curative/non curative)1 | 0.432 | 0.272-0.687 | 0.0004 |
| HBs-Ag (negative/positive) | 1.078 | 0.538-2.163 | 0.8317 |
| HCV-Ab (negative/positive) | 1.362 | 0.858-2.162 | 0.1907 |
| AST (< 63/≥ 63 IU/L) | 0.554 | 0.357-0.861 | 0.0089 |
| ALT (< 49/≥ 49 IU/L) | 0.939 | 0.609-1.448 | 0.7750 |
| AFP (< 41/≥ 41 ng/mL) | 0.260 | 0.155-0.439 | < 0.0001 |
| PIVKA-II (< 83/≥ 83 mAU/mL) | 0.200 | 0.103-0.386 | < 0.0001 |
| Habitual alcohol drinkers (yes/no) | 1.130 | 0.740-1.726 | 0.5722 |
| Uninterrupted alcohol consumption after initial therapy for HCC (no/yes) | 0.489 | 0.278-0.861 | 0.0135 |
| BMI (≥ 25/< 25 kg/m2) | 0.885 | 0.530-1.476 | 0.6398 |
| Presence of DM (yes/no) | 1.141 | 0.731-1.782 | 0.5623 |
| Mean postprandial plasma glucose level after initial therapy for HCC (< 200/≥ 200 mg/dL) | 0.131 | 0.051-0.336 | < 0.0001 |
1
Curative therapies are surgical resection, percutaneous ethanol injection therapy, and percutaneous percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. M: Male; F: Female; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBs-Ag: Surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus; HCV-Ab: Hepatitis C antibody; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AFP: α-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II: Proteins induced by vitamin KAbsense of antagonist-II; BMI: Body mass index; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HR: Hazard ratio.