TABLE 3.

Univariate, partially adjusted, and fully adjusted associations between infant feeding practices and WAZ, LAZ, and BMIZ scores in infants from Shanghai, Cincinnati, and Mexico City Cohorts, combined, at age 1 y¹²

	WAZ			LAZ			BMIZ
Univariate	Feeding model	Full model	Univariate	Feeding model	Full model	Univariate	Feeding model	Full model
n in model	285	285	282	285	285	285	285	285	277
Adjusted R2		0.28	0.36		0.29	0.34		0.08	0.11
	β ± SE
Longer duration: EBF, mo	−0.08 ± 0.03**	−0.07 ± 0.03*	−0.07 ± 0.03*	−0.05 ± 0.03†	−0.05 ± 0.03	−0.05 ± 0.03	−0.07 ± 0.03*	−0.07 ± 0.03*	−0.04 ± 0.03
Later introduction: protein, mo	−0.05 ± 0.03†	−0.04 ± 0.03	−0.04 ± 0.02	−0.04 ± 0.03†			−0.04 ± 0.03†
Later introduction: fruits and vegetables, mo	−0.07 ± 0.04†			−0.07 ± 0.05†			−0.04 ± 0.04
Cohort: Shanghai		1.23 ± 0.15***	1.11 ± 0.16***		1.53 ± 0.15***	1.30 ± 0.15***		0.59 ± 0.14***	0.34 ± 0.15*
Cohort: Cincinnati		0.85 ± 0.16***	0.69 ± 0.17***		0.89 ± 0.15***	0.56 ± 0.16***		0.32 ± 0.14*	0.03 ± 0.16
Mother’s age, y			−0.02 ± 0.01*
Gestational weight gain, kg									0.02 ± 0.01*
Infant sex (male)			−0.36 ± 0.11***						−0.31 ± 0.11**
Birth weight, kg			0.69 ± 0.13***			0.65 ± 0.14***			0.28 ± 0.13*

¹BMIZ, BMI-for-age Z-score; EBF, exclusive breastfeeding; LAZ, length-for-age Z-score; WAZ, weight-for-age Z-score.

^2†P > 0.05 and < 0.20 for univariate models, *P > 0.01 and P ≤ 0.05, **P > 0.005 and P ≤ 0.01, ***P < 0.005.