HMGB1 inhibits VEGF-induced HPAEC migration.
A, representative images of cell migration assay of HPAECs treated for 10 h with VEGF (50 ng/ml) or VEGF + HMGB1 (1 μg/ml). B, serum-starved HPAECs stimulated with VEGF (50 ng/ml) in the absence/presence of HMGB1 (100 ng/ml–1 μg/ml) and assessed for cellular migration using the monolayer wound assay. C and D, effect of HMGB1 (1 μg/ml) on VEGF (50 ng/ml)-stimulated HUVEC migration (C) and HDMEC migration (D). E, effect of polymyxin on HMGB1-inhibited HPAEC migration (1000 ng/ml). F, effect of HMGB1 on HPAEC proliferation using [3H]thymidine incorporation. Data represent the mean ± S.E. (error bars) of three independent experiments. Analysis of variance; *, p < 0.05.