Table 1.
Demographic and clinical features of cases and controls
| Feature | Cases n=32 (%) | Controls n=64 (%) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender M |
23 (72%) |
46 (72%) |
0.8 |
| Age (years)* |
45.7±7.6 |
45±9.9 |
0.6 |
| BMI ≥25 |
15 (47%) |
22 (34%) |
0.3 |
| < 25 |
17 (53%) |
42 (66%) |
|
| CDC stage A+B |
22 (69%) |
46 (72%) |
0.9 |
| C |
10 (31%) |
18 (28%) |
|
| Years since HIV diagnosis* |
10.9±7.1 |
7.8±6.4 |
0.04 |
| Risk factors for HIV infection | |||
| IVDU |
8 (25%) |
10 (16%) |
0.3 |
| MSM |
7 (22%) |
19 (30%) |
|
| Eterosexual |
16 (50%) |
35 (54%) |
|
| other |
1 (3%) |
0 |
|
| Arterial hypertension |
4 (12%) |
13 (20%) |
0.5 |
| Current smokers |
18 (56%) |
36 (56%) |
0.8 |
| Diabetes |
0 |
0 |
|
| Hypertriglyceridaemia |
7 (22%) |
17 (26%) |
0.8 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia |
7 (22%) |
18 (28%) |
0.7 |
| Alcohol abuse |
5 (16%) |
3 (5%) |
0.1 |
| Familiarity for IHD |
10 (31%) |
23 (40%) |
0.8 |
| Waist circumference (cm)* |
90.6±12.5 |
87.0±10.0 |
0.16 |
| Hip circumference (cm)* |
97.3±10.4 |
96.0±6.9 |
0.5 |
| Waist/hip ratio* |
0.93±0.07 |
0.90±0.07 |
0.05 |
| Active drug abuse |
3 (9%) |
3 (5%) |
0.4 |
| Methadone therapy |
2 (6%) |
3 (5%) |
1 |
| Prophylaxis with cotrimoxazole |
3 (9%) |
8 (12%) |
0.7 |
| Ongoing ART |
28 (87%) |
53 (83%) |
0.7 |
| Type of ART | |||
| -PI-based |
12 (37%) |
26 (41%) |
0.4 |
| -NNRTI-based |
13 (41%) |
25 (39%) |
|
| -3 NRTI |
3 (9%) |
2 (3%) |
|
| HCV positive |
8 (25%) |
12 (19%) |
0.6 |
| HBsAg positive |
1 (3%) |
1 (2%) |
1 |
| Na (mEq/L)* |
139±3.2 |
139±3.9 |
1 |
| K (mEq/L)* |
4,2±0.4 |
4,3±0.3 |
0.2 |
| Ca (mg/dL)* |
9,2±0.6 |
9,1±0.5 |
0.4 |
| CD4+ lymphocytes/mmc* |
501±214 |
490±264 |
0.8 |
| HIVRNA (cp/mL) | |||
| <50 |
23 (72%) |
45 (70%) |
0.9 |
| ≥50 |
9 (28%) |
19 (30%) |
|
| QTc interval (ms)* |
475±33 |
401±23 |
<0.0001 |
| Ectopic ventricular beats |
13 (41%) |
17 (26%) |
0.2 |
| Ectopic supraventricular beats | 14 (44%) | 30 (47%) | 0.9 |
*: mean±SD; BMI: body mass index; IVDU: intravenous drug users; MSM: men having sex with men; IHD: ischaemic heart disease; ART: antiretroviral therapy; PI: protease inhibitors; NNRTI: non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; NRTI: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.