Table 3.

Description of the intervention sessions

Session	Participants	Goals for the session	Example activities
1 Parenting Styles	Parents	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Recognize their own parenting style.	· Review a video on parenting styles and discuss.
		· Distinguish the key elements of the positive parenting style.	· Self-assess their parenting styles and discuss in small groups.
2 Between Multiple Worlds	Parents	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Recognize that their strong family orientation as Latino parents protects against youth risk behavior.	· Identify their own cultural values as parents and compare/contrast with those of school and youth.
		· Understand that their youth must navigate between family, school, and peer cultures.	· Self-assess their own and their youth’s cultural orientation and reflect on differences.
		· Learn skills to help their youth navigate across cultures.
3 Adolescent Development	Parents	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Review normal adolescent development and the need to adapt parenting strategies to developmental stages.	· Compare the behaviors of their youth with previous years.
		· Contextualize challenging behavior within tasks of adolescent development.	· Reflect on why adolescents challenge parents and how not to ‘take it personally’.
4 Communication	Parents and youth	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Understand how strong communication fits with the values of respect for authority and confianza (trusting relationships).	· Practice active listening.
			· Discuss barriers and facilitators to conversations with youth.
		· Learn basic principles of good communication and develop communication skills.	· Practice communication using ‘I’ messages.
		Youth will:	Youth will:
		· Recognize the importance of communication with parents.	· Play the broken phone and identify barriers in communication.
		· Learn specific communication skills.	· Practice when and how to talk and listen.
			· Practice ‘I’ messages.
5 Discipline	Parents	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Learn the importance of positive behavioral reinforcement.	· Identify strategies to encourage positive behavior in their youth.
		· Understand the importance of establishing negotiable and non-negotiable rules, and establishing and reinforcing consequences.	· Practice developing negotiable and non-negotiable rules for their family.
6 Conflict resolution	Parents and youth	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Understand that conflict is part of the normal developmental process, and does not need to damage their relationships.	· Identify positive and negative aspects of conflicts.
		· Identify collaborative problem-solving and conflict resolution strategies.	· Discuss and role-play a strategy to solve problems with their youth.
		· Learn to recognize and self-regulate emotions.	· Develop strategies to manage anger.
		Youth will:	Youth will:
		· Learn collaborative problem-solving strategies.	· Talk about rules, consequences and mistakes.
		· Identify strategies to recognize and manage emotions.	· Talk about emotions and their consequences.
			· Name the steps to effectively solve problems.
7 Supervision and Friends’ Influence	Parents and youth	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Understand the meaning and importance of monitoring.	· Discuss scenarios to differentiate supervision from over-control.
		· Learn strategies to monitor their youth effectively at each developmental stage of adolescence.	· Role-play initiating conversations with parents of their children’s friends.
		Youth will:	Youth will:
		· Identify dreams that they want to achieve.	· Develop a collage to help visualize dreams and goals.
		· Identify influences and behavior (including substance use) that may get in the way of achieving dreams.	· Practice strategies to refuse risky behaviors.
		· Learn strategies to avoid problem behaviors.
8 Connection	Parents and youth	Parents will:	Parents will:
		· Understand that parent–youth connection is the foundation for parenting, and recognize barriers to relationship-building.	· Engage in activity around setting kids as priority for time.
		· Identify strategies to strengthen their relationship with their youth.	· Write a letter to their children expressing their love and expectations.
		Youth will:	Youth will:
		· Reflect on the importance of a strong parent–youth relation.	· Complete a map of personal connections.
		· Identify parents and other adults as a support network.	· Write a message to their parents expressing their thankfulness.