Table 2.

Effects of oleanolic acid (OA) on the mRNA expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TGF-β ₁, P311, caspase-3, and caspase-9.

Group	Scar (N)	Dose (%)	MMP-1 (%)	MMP-2 (%)	TIMP-1 (%)	Caspase-3 (%)	Caspase-9 (%)	P311 (%)	TGF-β 1 (%)
Normal	16	—	0.055 ± 0.010	0.209 ± 0.031	0.011 ± 0.001	0.721 ± 0.084	0.654 ± 0.075	0.121 ± 0.033	0.383 ± 0.083
Control	16	Basic ointment	1.125 ± 0.147ΔΔ	0.222 ± 0.033	0.054 ± 0.008ΔΔ	0.441 ± 0.078ΔΔ	0.431 ± 0.079ΔΔ	0.436 ± 0.090ΔΔ	3.248 ± 0.482ΔΔ
Contra	16	10	0.314 ± 0.047**	1.589 ± 0.239**	0.014 ± 0.005**	1.101 ± 0.165**	1.266 ± 0.281**	0.172 ± 0.056**	0.637 ± 0.134**
OA	16	2.5	0.676 ± 0.216**	1.689 ± 0.267**	0.024 ± 0.009**	0.621 ± 0.155*	0.719 ± 0.195**	0.298 ± 0.067**	1.703 ± 0.242**
OA	16	5	0.302 ± 0.134**	2.486 ± 0.235**	0.030 ± 0.002**	0.907 ± 0.157**	0.934 ± 0.186**	0.253 ± 0.049**	1.481 ± 0.272**
OA	16	10	0.250 ± 0.063**	7.014 ± 0.790**	0.023 ± 0.006**	1.087 ± 0.134**	1.368 ± 0.256**	0.147 ± 0.041**	0.655 ± 0.157**

^ΔΔ P < 0.01 compared with the normal group; *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared with the control group; Data are expressed as the mean ± SD.