Fig. 1.
Experimental design and intermittent hypoxia and sham protocols. A schematic diagram shows the experimental design (A), and the intermittent hypoxia (B) and sham (C) protocols. Breathing events were recorded for 1 h following the intermittent hypoxia and sham protocol during sleep in the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) participants. CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; PetCO2, partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide; PetO2, partial pressure of end-tidal oxygen; B1, initial baseline period measured under normoxic conditions; B2, second baseline period measured under hypercapnic conditions.