. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 14.

Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2007 Nov 26;108(3):263–269. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2007.10.024

Table 1.

Demographics and subgenual cingulate volumes for offspring of bipolar I subjects and for the expanded sample of subjects with first or second degree relatives with bipolar disorders

	Primary group of subjects with bipolar I parents		Expanded group of subjects with family history of bipolar disorders in first or second degree relatives		Control	p (unaffected vs. affected vs. control subjects) primary group	p (unaffected vs. affected vs. control subjects) expanded group
	Unaffected	Affected	Unaffected	Affected	Control
N	13	13	24	19	31	N/A	N/A
Sex N (%) female	9 (69.2)	9 (69.2)	15 (62.5)	14 (73.7)	20 (64.5)	NS	NS
Age mean (SD)	19.7 (3.3)	21.90 (4.0)	19.8 (3.2)	21.3 (3.5)	20.6 (3.3)	NS	NS
Age range	15.9–25.6	15.1–30.4	15.0–25.6	15.1–30.4	15.8–30.2	N/A	N/A
Diagnosis of offspring	N/A	7MD, 2BDI, 2BDII, 1 dysthymia, 1 psych. NOS	N/A	10MD, 3BDI, 1BDNOS, 3BDII, 1dysthymia,1Psych. NOS	N/A	N/A	N/A
Family history (bipolar 2nd degree relatives, bipolar I parent, bipolar II 1st degree relatives.)	0, 13, 0	0, 13, 0	4, 13, 7	2,13,4	0, 0, 0	N/A	N/A
Treatment at the time of scanning	N/A	2Li, 1AP	N/A	2Li, 1 AD, 1AP, 1 LA, 14 No treatment	N/A	N/A	N/A
Percent right handed	58	83	70	89	90	p=0.05	NS
ICV mean (SD) cm³	1433.5 (188.1)	1438.3 (142.4)	1451.4 (183.8)	1428.9 (139.6)	1415.5 (126.3)	NS	NS
GM mean (SD) cm³	848.5 (111.8)	899.5 (206.5)	876.9 (109.4)	898.7 (174.3)	864.6 (121.9)	NS	NS
LSGC mean (SD) mm³	413.26 (155.72)	381.48 (112.98)	447.26 (162.36)	387.52 (106.08)	399.40 (132.30)	NS	NS
RSGC mean (SD) mm³	382.80 (99.07)	303.50 (102.08)	393.03 (135.67)	342.85 (107.70)	362.53 (106.37)	NS	NS

Abbreviations: AD—antidepressants, AP—antipsychotics, BD—bipolar disorder, LA—lamotrigine, Li—lithium, MD—major depression, N/A—not applicable, NOS—not otherwise specified, NS—not significant.