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. 2012 Dec 27;2012:950757. doi: 10.1155/2012/950757

Table 2.

Risk of bias of included RCTs*.

Study Random sequence generation Allocation concealment Patient blinding Assessor blinding Reporting drop-out or withdrawal Intention-to-treat analysis Selective outcome reporting Other potential bias
Wang et al. 2010 [7] Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low
Hsiao et al. 2003 [8] Unclear Low Low Low Low High Low Unclear
Özsoy and Ernst 1999 [9] Low Low Low Low Low High Low Low
Liu et al. 2005 [10] Low Low Low Low Low High Low Low
Bishop et al. 2007 [11] Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low
Tsao et al. 2005 [12] Low Low Low Low Low High Low Low
Higgins et al. 2011 [24] Unclear Low Low Low Low Low Low Unclear
Burack et al. 1996 [13] Low High High High Low Low Low Unclear
Sangkitporn et al. 2005 [14] Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low
Shi and Peng 2003 [15] Low Low Low High Low Low Low Unclear
Wang et al. 2006 [16] Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low

*Domains of quality assessment based on Cochrane tools for assessing risk of bias.

Two domains referring to “incomplete outcome data” in the Cochrane tools for assessing risk of bias.

Abbreviations: low: low risk of bias; high: high risk of bias; unclear: uncertain risk of bias.