Table 5.

Carbon–Metal Bond Characteristics (Hydrogen Included for Comparison)

Element M	Electronegativity	Covalent radius (Å)	Energy of the C–M bond (kJ/mol)	% Ionicity of the C–M bond
H	2.20	0.37	418.8	2
B	2.01	0.79	372.7	6
Si	1.74	1.18	301.5	16
Sn	1.72	1.40	226.1	16
Hg	2.00	1.50	113.1	6

Data from Coenen et al.⁴⁴