. 2012 Dec 14;92(2):122–129. doi: 10.1177/0022034512470954

Table.

Summary of Rodent Genes/Proteins Associated with Transport Functions in Maturation-stage Enamel Organ

Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Protein	Function	Localization in Enamel Organ	References
Ap2a1	adaptor protein complex 2, alpha 1 subunit	Ap2a1	endocytosis	apical pole Am	Lacruz et al., 2013
Ap2a2	adaptor protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit	Ap2a2	endocytosis	apical pole Am	Lacruz et al., 2013
Ap2b1	adaptor protein complex-2, beta 1 subunit	Ap2b1	endocytosis	apical pole Am	Lacruz et al., 2013
Ap2m1	adaptor protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit	Ap2m1	endocytosis	apical pole Am	Lacruz et al., 2013
Ap2s1	adaptor protein complex 2, sigma 1 subunit	Ap2s1	endocytosis	apical pole Am	Lacruz et al., 2013
Atp6v0a1	ATPase, H⁺ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit A1	Atp6v0a1	vacuolar proton pump	apical in RA and SA Am	Josephsen et al., 2010
Atp6v0d2	ATPase, H⁺ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit D2	Atp6v0d2	vacuolar proton pump	Am	Lacruz et al., 2013
Calb1	calbindin 1	Calb1	calcium handling	cytoplasmic	Hubbard, 2000; Turnbull et al., 2004; Hubbard et al., 2011
Calb2	calbindin 2	Calb2	calcium handling	cytoplasmic	Hubbard, 2000; Turnbull et al., 2004; Hubbard et al., 2011
Car12	carbonic anhydrase 12	Car12	generate bicarbonate, H⁺, CO₂	membrane-bound	Lacruz et al., 2012b
Car2	carbonic anhydrase 2	Car2	generate bicarbonate, H⁺, CO₂	intracellular	Lin et al., 1994; Toyosawa et al., 1996; Josephsen et al., 2010
Car3	carbonic anhydrase 3	Car2	generate bicarbonate, H⁺, CO₂	cytoplasmic	Lacruz et al., 2012b
Car6	carbonic anhydrase 6	Car6	generate bicarbonate, H⁺, CO₂	extracellular (enamel matrix)	Smith et al., 2006
Cftr	cystic fibrosis transmenbrane conductance regulator	Cftr	Cl^- transport	apical pole of Am	Bronckers et al., 2010
Clcn7	chloride channel voltage sensitive 7	Clc7	Cl^- transport (H⁺/Cl^- exchanger?)	intracellular (lysosomes?)	Lacruz et al., 2013
Clta	clathrin light-chain	Clta	endocytosis	apical pole Am	Lacruz et al., 2013
Cltc	clathrin heavy-chain	Cltc	endocytosis	apical pole Am and PL	Lacruz et al., 2013
Ctrc	caldecrin (chymotrypsin c)	Ctrc	enzyme	apical pole Am	Lacruz et al., 2011
Klk4	kallikrein-related peptidase 4	Klk4	enzyme	secreted to enamel matrix	Bartlett and Simmer, 1999; Lu et al., 2008
Mcoln1	lysosomal membrane-bound transient receptor potential cation channel	Mcoln1	endocytosis	Am and PL	Lacruz et al., 2012a, 2013
Nhe1	Na+/H⁺ exchanger 1	NHE1	sodium/hydrogen exchanger	basolateral pole of Am	Josephsen et al., 2010
Rab10	member RAS oncogene family 10	Rab10	endocytosis	Am and PL	Lacruz et al., 2013
Rab24	member RAS oncogene family 24	Rab24	endocytosis	Am and PL	Lacruz et al., 2013
Rcan1	regulator of calcineurin 1	Rcan1	calcium handling	cytoplasmic	Lacruz et al., 2012a
S100a4	S100 calcium-binding protein A4	S100a4	calcium handling	cytoplasmic	Hubbard et al., 2011; Lacruz et al., 2012a
S100g	S100 calcium-binding protein G	S100g	calcium handling	cytoplasmic	Lacruz et al., 2012a
Slc4a2	anion-exchanger 2	AE2	possibly exchange Cl^-	apical pole of Am	Lyaruu et al., 2008; Paine et al., 2008
Slc4a4	electrogenic sodium bicarbonate co-transporter	NBCe1	import of bicarbonate	basolateral pole of Am and also in PL	Paine et al., 2008; Josephsen et al., 2010; Lacruz et al., 2010
Slc24a4	solute carrier family 24	NCKX4	sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger	apical pole of Am	Hu et al., 2012
Slc34a2	solute carrier family 34 (sodium phosphate), member 2	NaPi-2b	membrane-bound	unknown	Lacruz et al., 2012a
Tfrc	transferrin receptor	Tfrc	ion transport	Am and PL/ membrane-bound	McKee et al., 1987; Lacruz et al., 2013
unknown^*	ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting-alpha subunit	?	Na⁺/K⁺ transporting ATPase	PL, Am, Si	Kashgarian et al., 1985; Garant et al., 1987; Josephsen et al., 2010

Am = ameloblasts; PL = papillary layer; Si = stratum intermedium. *Note that the antibody used in the study by Josephsen and co-workers (2010) was an ATPase, Na⁺/K⁺ transporting-alpha subunit, of which there are 4 unique genes. It is unclear which of the 4 gene products this particular antibody recognizes.